Urban pavements as a novel habitat for wild bees and other ground-nesting insects

IF 2.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Claudia Weber, Grégoire Noël, Wiebke Sickel, Michael T. Monaghan, Aletta Bonn, Sophie Lokatis
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Abstract

Municipal authorities around the world have come to recognize the importance of making conservation and restoration a priority. Multiple urban restoration programs now foster insects and other pollinators through planting and sowing flowering plants, many of them within residential areas. But residents are not only walking next to pollinators visiting flowering sidewalk grass verges, they are also walking on top of them, nesting in the cracks and interstices of urban pavements.

Combining morphological and molecular monitoring schemes, we conducted a survey of urban pavements at twelve locations across Berlin and found that pavements can foster a surprising number and quantity of soil dwelling insects—in particular wild bees and wasps. Pavements located within 200 m to an insect-friendly flower garden were covered with significantly more nests of wild bees and solitary wasps, and showed higher species richness of these groups, while the degree of sealed surfaces in the surrounding had no effect per se. This underlines the positive impact that insect-friendly gardens can have for pollinators and other insects, even in highly sealed areas. Also, it shows the potential of cobbled pavements as valuable nesting sites in highly sealed urban areas. We provide a list of 55 species of ground-nesting Hymenoptera found in Berlin pavements, including 28 species of wild bees and 22 apoid wasps. In our study, the molecular approach only detected three Hymenoptera species and did not yield comparable results to classical monitoring. Nonetheless, using eDNA methods might be a promising tool for further studying soil nesting insects in the future, and to gain insights into the web of life in urban pavements.

Abstract Image

城市人行道是野生蜜蜂和其他地栖昆虫的新栖息地
世界各地的市政当局已经认识到将保护和恢复作为优先事项的重要性。目前,多个城市恢复项目通过种植和播种开花植物来培育昆虫和其他传粉昆虫,其中许多项目都在居民区内进行。结合形态学和分子监测计划,我们在柏林的 12 个地点对城市人行道进行了调查,结果发现人行道可以培育出数量惊人的土栖昆虫,尤其是野生蜜蜂和黄蜂。在距离昆虫友好型花圃 200 米以内的人行道上,野生蜜蜂和独居黄蜂的巢穴明显较多,而且这些昆虫的物种丰富度也较高,而周围地面的密封程度则没有任何影响。这突出表明,即使在高度密封的区域,昆虫友好花园也能对传粉昆虫和其他昆虫产生积极影响。同时,这也表明在高度密封的城市地区,鹅卵石路面有可能成为宝贵的筑巢场所。我们提供了一份在柏林人行道上发现的 55 种地巢膜翅目昆虫的清单,其中包括 28 种野生蜜蜂和 22 种无尾小蜂。在我们的研究中,分子方法仅检测到三种膜翅目昆虫,其结果无法与传统的监测方法相比。尽管如此,使用 eDNA 方法可能是未来进一步研究土壤筑巢昆虫和深入了解城市人行道生命网络的一个很有前途的工具。
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来源期刊
Urban Ecosystems
Urban Ecosystems BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ECOLOGY
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
6.90%
发文量
113
期刊介绍: Urban Ecosystems is an international journal devoted to scientific investigations of urban environments and the relationships between socioeconomic and ecological structures and processes in urban environments. The scope of the journal is broad, including interactions between urban ecosystems and associated suburban and rural environments. Contributions may span a range of specific subject areas as they may apply to urban environments: biodiversity, biogeochemistry, conservation biology, wildlife and fisheries management, ecosystem ecology, ecosystem services, environmental chemistry, hydrology, landscape architecture, meteorology and climate, policy, population biology, social and human ecology, soil science, and urban planning.
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