A behavioral syndrome of competitiveness in a non-social rodent

IF 1.9 2区 生物学 Q3 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Filippa Erixon, Jana A. Eccard, Rika Huneke, Melanie Dammhahn
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Abstract

Animals compete for limited resources such as food, mating partners, and territory. The outcome of this intraspecific competition should be determined by individual variation in behavioral traits, such as aggressiveness and dominance status. Consistent among-individual differences in behavior likely contribute to competitiveness and predispose individuals to acquire specific dominance ranks during parts of their adult life. Nevertheless, how dominance rank is correlated with animal personality traits remains largely unclear. In a first step towards better understanding these functional links, we studied trait integration into behavioral syndromes, using 26 captive male bank voles (Myodes glareolus). We repeatedly assessed boldness in an emergence test, exploration in an open-field test, aggressiveness in staged dyadic encounters, and the among-individual correlations between these behaviors. We further related these personality traits to dominance rank, from quantifying urine marking value (UMV), as marking in bank voles is related to dominance rank. We found repeatable variations in boldness, exploration, aggressiveness, and UMV, which were correlated at the among-individual level. Aggressiveness tended to be negatively correlated with body condition, a proxy for fitness. Thus, key personality traits and social rank are functionally integrated into a behavioral syndrome of intraspecific competitiveness. By joining social and non-social aspects of personality, our findings contribute to the ecological validation of personality traits and suggest how they contribute to higher-order component traits, such as dominance which directly affect fitness components.

Abstract Image

非社会性啮齿动物的竞争行为综合征
动物会争夺有限的资源,如食物、交配伙伴和领地。这种种内竞争的结果应由行为特征的个体差异决定,如攻击性和支配地位。个体间一致的行为差异可能有助于提高竞争性,并使个体在成年后的部分时间内获得特定的优势等级。尽管如此,支配地位等级与动物个性特征之间的关系在很大程度上仍不清楚。为了更好地理解这些功能性联系,我们首先利用 26 只圈养雄性银行田鼠(Myodes glareolus)研究了行为综合征的性状整合。我们反复评估了出现测试中的大胆性、开放场地测试中的探索性、阶段性二人相遇中的攻击性以及这些行为之间的个体间相关性。我们通过量化尿液标记值(UMV)进一步将这些个性特征与统治等级联系起来,因为银行田鼠的标记与统治等级有关。我们发现,大胆、探索、攻击性和UMV之间存在可重复的差异,这些差异在个体间存在相关性。攻击性往往与身体状况呈负相关,而身体状况是体能的代表。因此,关键的个性特征和社会等级在功能上被整合到了种内竞争的行为综合征中。通过将人格的社会和非社会方面结合起来,我们的研究结果有助于人格特质的生态学验证,并说明了人格特质如何促进高阶成分特质的形成,如直接影响体能成分的支配性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The journal publishes reviews, original contributions and commentaries dealing with quantitative empirical and theoretical studies in the analysis of animal behavior at the level of the individual, group, population, community, and species.
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