Investigation of Image Quality for Cuboid and Tapered Array microPET Systems

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q4 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Alireza Sadremomtaz, Payvand Taherparvar, Mohaddeseh Saber
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Abstract

Purpose

Small animals are integral to medical research as they provide insights into human diseases. Mice, particularly suitable as human models, share gene functions, making them vital for biomedical research. Positron emission tomography (PET) has emerged as a key tool for non-invasive imaging of mouse models, providing molecular-level insights with remarkable sensitivity. Achieving optimal spatial resolution is crucial for capturing detailed images of small animal organs, and enhancing sensitivity is imperative for microPET scanner efficiency.

Methods

This study investigates the performance of microPET scanners using cuboidal and tapered arrays, simulated by the GATE Monte Carlo package. To this end, it focuses on detector materials, crystal geometry, and reconstruction methods. Finally, critical parameters such as sensitivity, NECR, and FWHM of Gaussian fit of image intensity profiles are assessed.

Results

Simulation outputs reveal that tapered arrays outperform their cuboid counterparts by 44% in sensitivity and NECR, along with a 22% improvement in spatial resolution. The relative FWHM difference for crystals compared to LSO remains below 5%. Crystal material significantly affects sensitivity and NECR, with BGO demonstrating 25% greater values than LSO. Meanwhile, GSO and LYSO showed 32% and 60% lower values, respectively. BGO crystal demonstrated a higher profile amplitude, indicating higher counts. This difference could be attributed more to heightened noise than an increase in signal, as BGO crystals exhibit a higher scatter fraction than other crystals. Furthermore, COSEM and ACOSEM algorithms achieve the minimum FWHM of 0.7 mm, suggesting 10% better spatial resolution than the OSEM algorithm. In contrast, RAMLA and MRAMLA algorithms showed 14% and 4% worse spatial resolution than the OSEM algorithm, respectively.

Conclusion

Tapered arrays, especially when paired with BGO crystals, demonstrate superior sensitivity, NECR, and lower FWHM suggesting better spatial resolution than cuboid arrays. Crystal material choice minimally affects FWHM for a low-activity point source but significantly influences sensitivity and NECR, with BGO outperforming other crystals. COSEM and ACOSEM reconstruction algorithms yielded better image quality with lower FWHM and noise, demonstrating their effectiveness in microPET applications.

Abstract Image

立方体和锥形阵列 microPET 系统图像质量调查
目的小动物是医学研究中不可或缺的一部分,因为它们能帮助人们深入了解人类疾病。小鼠尤其适合作为人类模型,它们共享基因功能,因此对生物医学研究至关重要。正电子发射断层扫描(PET)已成为对小鼠模型进行无创成像的关键工具,能以极高的灵敏度提供分子水平的见解。要捕捉小动物器官的详细图像,获得最佳空间分辨率至关重要,而提高灵敏度则是提高微型正电子发射计算机断层扫描仪效率的当务之急。为此,研究重点放在探测器材料、晶体几何形状和重建方法上。结果模拟结果显示,锥形阵列的灵敏度和 NECR 比立方体阵列高出 44%,空间分辨率也提高了 22%。晶体与 LSO 相比,相对 FWHM 差异仍低于 5%。晶体材料对灵敏度和 NECR 有很大影响,BGO 的数值比 LSO 高 25%。同时,GSO 和 LYSO 的数值分别低 32% 和 60%。BGO 晶体显示出更高的轮廓振幅,表明计数更高。这种差异更多的是由于噪声增大而非信号增加,因为 BGO 晶体的散射率高于其他晶体。此外,COSEM 和 ACOSEM 算法的最小 FWHM 为 0.7 毫米,表明其空间分辨率比 OSEM 算法高 10%。相比之下,RAMLA 和 MRAMLA 算法的空间分辨率分别比 OSEM 算法低 14% 和 4%。结论锥形阵列,尤其是与 BGO 晶体配对时,显示出卓越的灵敏度、NECR 和较低的 FWHM,表明其空间分辨率优于立方体阵列。晶体材料的选择对低活性点源的 FWHM 影响很小,但对灵敏度和 NECR 的影响很大,BGO 晶体的表现优于其他晶体。COSEM 和 ACOSEM 重建算法的图像质量更好,FWHM 和噪声更低,证明了它们在 microPET 应用中的有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
5.00%
发文量
81
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The purpose of Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering, JMBE, is committed to encouraging and providing the standard of biomedical engineering. The journal is devoted to publishing papers related to clinical engineering, biomedical signals, medical imaging, bio-informatics, tissue engineering, and so on. Other than the above articles, any contributions regarding hot issues and technological developments that help reach the purpose are also included.
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