Enhanced Quasiparticle Relaxation in a Superconductor via the Proximity Effect

Kevin M. Ryan, Venkat Chandrasekhar
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Abstract

Quasiparticle relaxation in pure superconductors is thought to be determined by the intrinsic inelastic scattering rate in the material. In certain applications, i.e. superconducting qubits and circuits, excess quasiparticles exist at densities far beyond the thermal equilibrium level, potentially leading to dephasing and energy loss. In order to engineer superconductors with shorter overall quasiparticle lifetimes, we consider the impact of a proximity layer on the transport of quasiparticles in a superconductor. We find that a normal metal layer can be used to significantly increase the relaxation rate of quasiparticles in a superconductor, as seen by a large reduction in the quasiparticle charge imbalance in a fully proximitized Cu/Al bilayer wire. The mechanism for this effect may be useful for preventing quasiparticle poisoning of qubits using carefully chosen proximity bilayers consisting of clean superconductors and disordered normal metals.
通过邻近效应增强超导体中的准粒子弛豫
纯超导体中的准粒子弛豫被认为是由材料中固有的非弹性散射率决定的。在某些应用(如超导量子比特和电路)中,过量的类粒子密度远远超出热平衡水平,可能导致退相和能量损失。为了设计出具有更短总体类粒子寿命的超导体,我们考虑了近似层对超导体中类粒子传输的影响。我们发现,正常金属层可以用来显著提高超导体中准粒子的弛豫速率,这表现在完全近似的铜/铝双层导线中准粒子电荷不平衡的大幅降低。这种效应的机制可能有助于使用精心选择的由洁净超导体和无序普通金属组成的接近双电层来防止量子比特的量子粒子中毒。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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