Exploring artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots adoption among research scholars using unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)

IF 1.4 4区管理学 Q2 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE

Journal of Librarianship and Information Science Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1177/09610006241269189

Guanhua Chen, Jiamei Fan, Mehreen Azam

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, such as chatbots, has significantly increased in academia and research. The present study seeks to determine the key factors influencing chatbot adoption, as well as attempts to validate the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) in the context of AI chatbots adoption among research scholars. The data for this study were collected through purposive sampling using a cross-sectional survey. The population of the study comprised research scholars enrolled in three public sector universities in Pakistan. The eight-factor proposed measurement model was estimated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) based on 30 valid items. The goodness of fit indices suggest a favourable fit for the model χ2 = 1.710, DF = 381; p = 0.000; IFI = .902; TLI = 0.886, CFI = 0.900, RMSEA = 0.056. Our research affirms that social influence, trust, and facilitating conditions play pivotal roles as primary predictors of behavioural intentions for AI chatbots adoption among scholars. The study suggests that the perceived risks associated with using AI chatbots due to their potential misuse can be minimized by effectively implementing AI user guidelines, and developing AI literacy among scholars. Information professionals and ethical libraries can play an important role in “building the bridge” between cutting-edge technology capabilities and information users’ needs and rights. The proposed eight-factor AI chatbots adoption model holds substantial potential in understanding the influence of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, trust, perceived risk, and facilitating conditions on behavioural intention to AI chatbots adoption. This study contributes to the limited body of research investigating the factors influencing AI chatbot adoption among research scholars using the UTAUT model with additional constructs for trust and perceived risk.

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利用技术接受和使用统一理论（UTAUT）探索研究学者对人工智能（AI）聊天机器人的采用情况

聊天机器人等人工智能（AI）工具在学术界和研究领域的使用大幅增加。本研究旨在确定影响聊天机器人采用的关键因素，并尝试在研究学者采用人工智能聊天机器人的背景下验证技术接受和使用统一理论（UTAUT）。本研究的数据是通过横截面调查的目的性抽样收集的。研究对象包括巴基斯坦三所公立大学的研究学者。在 30 个有效项目的基础上，使用确证因子分析（CFA）估算了所提出的八因子测量模型。拟合优度指数表明模型拟合良好 χ2 = 1.710, DF = 381; p = 0.000; IFI = .902; TLI = 0.886, CFI = 0.900, RMSEA = 0.056。我们的研究证实，社会影响、信任和便利条件作为学者采用人工智能聊天机器人行为意向的主要预测因素，发挥着举足轻重的作用。研究表明，通过有效实施人工智能用户指南和培养学者的人工智能素养，可以最大限度地降低使用人工智能聊天机器人的潜在误用风险。信息专业人员和伦理图书馆可以在前沿技术能力与信息用户的需求和权利之间发挥重要的 "桥梁 "作用。所提出的八因素人工智能聊天机器人采用模型在理解绩效预期、努力预期、社会影响、信任、感知风险和促进条件对人工智能聊天机器人采用行为意向的影响方面具有巨大潜力。本研究使用UTAUT模型，并增加了信任和感知风险的建构，为研究学者调查人工智能聊天机器人采用影响因素的有限研究机构做出了贡献。

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来源期刊

Journal of Librarianship and Information Science INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE-

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

11.80%

发文量

期刊介绍： Journal of Librarianship and Information Science is the peer-reviewed international quarterly journal for librarians, information scientists, specialists, managers and educators interested in keeping up to date with the most recent issues and developments in the field. The Journal provides a forumfor the publication of research and practical developments as well as for discussion papers and viewpoints on topical concerns in a profession facing many challenges.