Current and future potential net greenhouse gas sinks of existing, converted, and restored marsh and mangrove forest habitats

IF 2.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Melissa M. Baustian, Hoonshin Jung, Bingqing Liu, Leland C. Moss, Madeline Foster‐Martinez, Christopher R. Esposito, Ioannis Y. Georgiou, Martijn C. Bregman, Diana R. Di Leonardo, Brett McMann, Scott A. Hemmerling, Michael D. Miner
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Abstract

Marsh and mangrove forest habitats are productive at capturing and storing carbon, thus actions to protect and create coastal blue carbon sinks could help mitigate global warming. Dredged material is often used to create coastal habitats and evaluating the carbon impact of placement alternatives (PA) could help inform restoration and climate policies. Output from a Delft3D‐FM morphodynamics and hydrodynamics model informed a Coastal Wetlands Carbon Model at years 2020, 2025, 2030, and 2050. Three model simulations were used and included (1) no restoration (PA1), (2) restoration dominated with mangroves (PA2), and (3) restoration dominated with marshes (PA3) at a different location. Habitats of brackish marsh, saline marsh, mangrove forest, and saline open water that surround Port Fourchon, Louisiana, U.S.A., were evaluated to estimate the net greenhouse gas (GHG) flux of the study area with and without restoration. In years 2020 and 2025, the study area was estimated to be a net GHG sink (−1.1 ± 0.2 MMT CO2e) with or without mangrove and marsh‐dominated restoration. At years 2030 and 2050, even with habitat loss due to sea‐level rise, the study area for all simulations was projected to remain a net GHG sink. At year 2050, +0.1 ± 0.04 MMT CO2e could be avoided with restoration. At the restoration project scale, mangrove‐dominated restoration (PA2) had net GHG sinks (−0.07 to −0.09 MMT CO2e) near the marsh‐dominated restoration (PA3, −0.09 to −0.13 MMT CO2e). Thus, these modeled results could help inform future restoration planning and climate policies.
现有、改造和恢复的沼泽和红树林生境当前和未来潜在的温室气体净汇
沼泽和红树林生境在捕获和储存碳方面具有很高的生产力,因此,保护和创建沿海蓝碳汇的行动有助于减缓全球变暖。疏浚材料通常被用来创建海岸栖息地,而评估放置替代品(PA)对碳的影响有助于为恢复和气候政策提供信息。Delft3D-FM 形态动力学和水动力学模型的输出结果为 2020 年、2025 年、2030 年和 2050 年的沿海湿地碳模型提供了信息。使用了三种模型模拟,包括(1)无恢复(PA1)、(2)以红树林为主的恢复(PA2)和(3)在不同地点以沼泽为主的恢复(PA3)。对美国路易斯安那州富尔雄港周围的咸水沼泽、盐碱沼泽、红树林和盐碱开阔水域的栖息地进行了评估,以估算在进行和未进行恢复的情况下研究区域的温室气体(GHG)净通量。据估计,在 2020 年和 2025 年,无论是否进行红树林和沼泽修复,研究区都将成为温室气体净吸收汇(-1.1 ± 0.2 百万公吨 CO2e)。在 2030 年和 2050 年,即使海平面上升导致栖息地丧失,所有模拟的研究区域预计仍将是温室气体净吸收汇。在 2050 年,通过恢复可避免 +0.1 ± 0.04 百万公吨二氧化碳当量。在恢复项目规模上,以红树林为主的恢复项目(PA2)的温室气体净吸收汇(-0.07 至-0.09 百万公吨 CO2e)接近以沼泽为主的恢复项目(PA3,-0.09 至-0.13 百万公吨 CO2e)。因此,这些模型结果有助于为未来的恢复规划和气候政策提供信息。
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来源期刊
Restoration Ecology
Restoration Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
15.60%
发文量
226
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Restoration Ecology fosters the exchange of ideas among the many disciplines involved with ecological restoration. Addressing global concerns and communicating them to the international research community and restoration practitioners, the journal is at the forefront of a vital new direction in science, ecology, and policy. Original papers describe experimental, observational, and theoretical studies on terrestrial, marine, and freshwater systems, and are considered without taxonomic bias. Contributions span the natural sciences, including ecological and biological aspects, as well as the restoration of soil, air and water when set in an ecological context; and the social sciences, including cultural, philosophical, political, educational, economic and historical aspects. Edited by a distinguished panel, the journal continues to be a major conduit for researchers to publish their findings in the fight to not only halt ecological damage, but also to ultimately reverse it.
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