Near-optimal coherent state discrimination via continuously labelled non-Gaussian measurements

James Moran, Spiros Kechrimparis, Hyukjoon Kwon
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Abstract

Quantum state discrimination plays a central role in quantum information and communication. For the discrimination of optical quantum states, the two most widely adopted measurement techniques are photon detection, which produces discrete outcomes, and homodyne detection, which produces continuous outcomes. While various protocols using photon detection have been proposed for optimal and near-optimal discrimination between two coherent states, homodyne detection is known to have higher error rates, with its performance often referred to as the Gaussian limit. In this work, we demonstrate that, despite the fundamental differences between discretely labelled and continuously labelled measurements, continuously labelled non-Gaussian measurements can also achieve near-optimal coherent state discrimination. We explicitly design two coherent state discrimination protocols based on non-Gaussian unitary operations combined with homodyne detection and orthogonal polynomials, which surpass the Gaussian limit. Our results show that photon detection is not required for near-optimal coherent state discrimination and that we can achieve error rates close to the Helstrom bound at low energies with continuously labelled measurements. We also find that our schemes maintain an advantage over the photon detection-based Kennedy receiver for a moderate range of coherent state amplitudes.
通过连续标记的非高斯测量实现近乎最佳的相干状态判别
量子态鉴别在量子信息和通信中发挥着核心作用。对于光量子状态的判别,目前最广泛采用的两种测量技术是光子探测和同调探测,前者产生离散结果,后者产生连续结果。在这项工作中,我们证明,尽管离散标记测量和连续标记测量之间存在根本差异,但连续标记的非高斯测量也能实现接近最优的相干状态判别。我们明确设计了两种基于非高斯单元运算的相干声明判别协议,并将其与全息检测和正交多项式相结合,从而超越了高斯极限。我们的研究结果表明,接近最优的相干状态判别并不需要光子检测,而且我们可以通过连续标记的测量在低能量时实现接近海尔斯特伦约束的误差率。我们还发现,与基于光子探测的肯尼迪接收器相比,我们的方案在中等相干态振幅范围内保持了优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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