Quantum Entanglement Allocation through a Central Hub

Yu-Ao Chen, Xia Liu, Chenghong Zhu, Lei Zhang, Junyu Liu, Xin Wang
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Abstract

Establishing a fully functional quantum internet relies on the efficient allocation of multipartite entangled states, which enables advanced quantum communication protocols, secure multipartite quantum key distribution, and distributed quantum computing. In this work, we propose local operations and classical communication (LOCC) protocols for allocating generalized $N$-qubit W and GHZ states within a centralized hub architecture, where the central hub node preshares Bell states with each end node. Our protocols deterministically and exactly distribute these states using only $N$ qubits of quantum memory within the central system, with communication costs of $2N - 2$ and $N$ classical bits for W and GHZ states, respectively. These resource-efficient protocols are further proven to be optimal within the centralized hub architecture, outperforming conventional teleportation protocols for entanglement distribution in both memory and communication costs. Our results provide a more resource-efficient method for allocating essential multipartite entangled states in quantum networks, paving the way for the realization of a quantum internet with enhanced efficiency.
通过中央枢纽分配量子纠缠
建立一个功能完备的量子互联网有赖于多方纠缠态的高效分配,这使得先进的量子通信协议、安全的多方量子密钥分配和分布式量子计算成为可能。在这项工作中,我们提出了本地操作和经典通信(LOCC)协议,用于在集中式集线器架构内分配广义 $N$-qubit W 和 GHZ 状态,其中中央集线器节点与每个末端节点预共享贝尔状态。我们的协议只需使用中心系统内 $N$ 量子存储器的量子比特,就能确定并精确地分配这些状态,W 和 GHZ 状态的通信成本分别为 2N - 2$ 和 $N$ 经典比特。这些具有资源效率的协议被进一步证明是集中式集线器架构中的最优方案,在内存和通信成本方面都优于传统的远距传输协议。我们的研究结果为量子网络中基本多方纠缠态的分配提供了一种资源效率更高的方法,为实现效率更高的量子互联网铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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