Start Earlier, Stay Healthier? An Earlier Start to Public Preschool May Improve Detection of Health Problems

IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Anna Wright, Anne Martin, Anna D. Johnson
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Abstract

Background

Public preschool can provide opportunities for earlier detection of child health problems and receipt of special needs services. This is especially important for children from low-income households who disproportionately face cost barriers to obtaining health screenings and services.

Objective

This study explores the possibility that entering public preschool at age 3 instead of age 4 could contribute to earlier detection of health problems and receipt of special needs services for low-income children.

Method

We analyzed data on 757 low-income children in Tulsa, Oklahoma who attended Head Start or public pre-k. We compared rates of parent-reported health conditions and Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) at age 4 according to children’s pattern of preschool attendance across their 3- and 4-year-old years, using propensity score-weighted logistic regressions.

Results

At the spring of their 4-year-old year, children who had entered preschool at age 3 were more likely than those who entered at age 4 to have eczema (OR = 3.25, p < .05) and vision problems (OR = 2.26, p < .05). Among children who entered preschool at age 3, those who stayed in Head Start at age 4 were marginally more likely than those who transitioned to school based pre-k at age 4 to have asthma (OR = 3.81, p = .055) and allergies (OR = 2.16, p = .088). There were no differences in rates of IEPs by children’s preschool experience.

Conclusions

If replicated, results underscore the potentially unrealized public health benefits of expanding public preschool access to 3-year-olds.

更早入学,更健康成长?较早开始公立学前教育可提高健康问题的发现率
背景公立学前教育机构可以为更早发现儿童健康问题和接受特殊需求服务提供机会。本研究探讨了在 3 岁而不是 4 岁进入公立学前班是否可能有助于更早地发现低收入儿童的健康问题并接受特殊需求服务。方法我们分析了俄克拉荷马州塔尔萨市 757 名低收入儿童的数据,这些儿童参加了启蒙教育或公立学前班。结果在 4 岁春季,3 岁进入学前班的儿童比 4 岁进入学前班的儿童更有可能患有湿疹(OR = 3.25,p < .05)和视力问题(OR = 2.26,p < .05)。在 3 岁进入学前班的儿童中,与 4 岁转入学前班的儿童相比,4 岁时仍留在启蒙教育机构的儿童患哮喘(OR = 3.81,p = .055)和过敏(OR = 2.16,p = .088)的几率略高。结论如果研究结果能够得到推广,那么将公立学前班扩大到 3 岁儿童可能会带来未实现的公共健康益处。
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来源期刊
Child & Youth Care Forum
Child & Youth Care Forum PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
5.60%
发文量
54
期刊介绍: Child & Youth Care Forum is a peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary publication that welcomes submissions – original empirical research papers and theoretical reviews as well as invited commentaries – on children, youth, and families. Contributions to Child & Youth Care Forum are submitted by researchers, practitioners, and clinicians across the interrelated disciplines of child psychology, early childhood, education, medical anthropology, pediatrics, pediatric psychology, psychiatry, public policy, school/educational psychology, social work, and sociology as well as government agencies and corporate and nonprofit organizations that seek to advance current knowledge and practice. Child & Youth Care Forum publishes scientifically rigorous, empirical papers and theoretical reviews that have implications for child and adolescent mental health, psychosocial development, assessment, interventions, and services broadly defined. For example, papers may address issues of child and adolescent typical and/or atypical development through effective youth care assessment and intervention practices. In addition, papers may address strategies for helping youth overcome difficulties (e.g., mental health problems) or overcome adversity (e.g., traumatic stress, community violence) as well as all children actualize their potential (e.g., positive psychology goals). Assessment papers that advance knowledge as well as methodological papers with implications for child and youth research and care are also encouraged.
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