Phenotypic diversity of key adaptive traits in advanced Nordic and Baltic spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding material

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY
Anne Ingver, Andrii Gorash, Elena Ivandi, Vija Strazdina, Andrius Aleliūnas, Tanel Kaart, Valentina Fetere, Egon Meigas, Zaiga Jansone, Sahameh Shafiee, Tomasz Mroz, Mara Bleidere, Ebe Merilo, Morten Lillemo, Hannes Kollist, Gintaras Brazauskas, Ilmar Tamm
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Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has become the most widely grown cereal crop in the Nordic-Baltic region, but due to climate change, its yields are under increasing risk. Here we present results of an international effort to use available wheat germplasm from the region to identify tools and genotypes for breeding wheat varieties with improved stability. We formed a panel of 300 spring wheat genotypes from the Nordic-Baltic region and studied their phenotypic diversity across environments to identify genotypes with high potential for adaptation to a changing climate. Field experiments were carried out in 2021 and 2022 in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Norway. The performance and stability of yield (GY), protein content (PC), thousand kernel weight (TKW), test weight (TW), length of growing period (GP), and nine other traits were studied. Drought and excessive rainfall occurred in the Baltic countries in 2021–2022, whereas the weather in Norway was more stable. High variability for most traits, and significant GxE effects for all studied traits, were identified. We identified stable genotypes combining yield and quality using the AMMI model-based Weighted Average of Absolute Scores index (WAASB). Finally, we selected nineteen superior genotypes that combined high yield with high values of important quality traits. Thus, combining broad Nordic-Baltic wheat germplasm with extensive field phenotyping, we identified promising breeding material to develop climate-ready spring wheat varieties for the region.

Abstract Image

北欧和波罗的海先进春小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)育种材料关键适应性状的表型多样性
小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)已成为北欧-波罗的海地区种植最广泛的谷类作物,但由于气候变化,其产量面临的风险越来越大。在此,我们介绍了一项国际性工作的成果,该工作旨在利用该地区现有的小麦种质,确定培育稳定性更强的小麦品种的工具和基因型。我们组建了一个由北欧-波罗的海地区 300 个春小麦基因型组成的小组,并研究了它们在不同环境下的表型多样性,以确定对气候变化具有高适应潜力的基因型。2021 年和 2022 年在爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛和挪威进行了田间试验。对产量(GY)、蛋白质含量(PC)、千粒重(TKW)、测试重量(TW)、生长期长度(GP)和其他九个性状的表现和稳定性进行了研究。2021-2022年,波罗的海国家出现了干旱和过量降雨,而挪威的天气则较为稳定。大多数性状的变异性较高,所有研究性状的GxE效应显著。我们利用基于 AMMI 模型的加权平均绝对得分指数(WAASB)确定了兼具产量和品质的稳定基因型。最后,我们选出了 19 个兼具高产和重要品质性状高值的优良基因型。因此,结合广泛的北欧-波罗的海小麦种质和广泛的田间表型分析,我们确定了有前景的育种材料,为该地区开发气候适宜的春小麦品种。
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来源期刊
Euphytica
Euphytica 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.30%
发文量
157
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Euphytica is an international journal on theoretical and applied aspects of plant breeding. It publishes critical reviews and papers on the results of original research related to plant breeding. The integration of modern and traditional plant breeding is a growing field of research using transgenic crop plants and/or marker assisted breeding in combination with traditional breeding tools. The content should cover the interests of researchers directly or indirectly involved in plant breeding, at universities, breeding institutes, seed industries, plant biotech companies and industries using plant raw materials, and promote stability, adaptability and sustainability in agriculture and agro-industries.
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