Early sex identification by leaflet distance in plantlets of Cycas revoluta

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY
Ylenia De Luca, Salvatore Cozzolino, Antonia Cristaudo, Alex Widmer, Donata Cafasso
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Abstract

In dioecious plants, the process of sex determination usually occurs during the reproductive stage. However, it can be challenging to determine the sex of long-lived plants with long generation times. This is true for Cycas revoluta, which produces toxic seeds in female plants, leading to a preference for male plants in public green spaces. In this study we aim to identify a morphological trait that can be used to distinguish between the sexes in C. revoluta at a very early stage of plant growth. We sampled C. revoluta seedlings/plantlets at three different early growth stages and identified the sex of individuals by PCR amplification of a male-specific molecular marker. On the same plants, we measured morphological traits, including the distance between leaflets on the leaf rachis, perimeter, area, number of indents, and leaf complexity, and evaluated their correlation with the sex of the individuals. Among all measured traits, the medium distance between leaflets on the leaf rachis was found to be a sexually dimorphic morphological trait in Cycas plantlets in all three growth stages. In particular, the distance between leaflets on the leaf rachis in the upper part of the leaf in the first stage revealed no overlap between the sexes. Whenever available, morphological traits for sex differentiation in greenhouses and plant nurseries can represent a rapid and economic tool when coupled with automatized image recognition systems.

Abstract Image

通过苏铁小叶距离识别早期性别
在雌雄异体植物中,性别鉴定过程通常发生在生殖阶段。不过,要确定世代时间长的长寿植物的性别可能很困难。苏铁(Cycas revoluta)就是如此,它的雌株会结出有毒的种子,导致人们在公共绿地上偏爱雄株。在本研究中,我们旨在确定一种形态特征,用于在植物生长的早期阶段区分苏铁的性别。我们在三个不同的早期生长阶段对 C. revoluta 的幼苗/小植株进行了取样,并通过 PCR 扩增雄性特异性分子标记来确定个体的性别。在相同的植株上,我们测量了形态特征,包括叶轴上小叶之间的距离、周长、面积、压痕数和叶片复杂度,并评估了它们与个体性别的相关性。在所有测量的性状中,发现叶轴上小叶之间的中等距离是苏铁小株在所有三个生长阶段的性别二态形态性状。尤其是第一阶段叶片上部叶轴上小叶之间的距离在两性之间没有重叠。只要有可用的形态特征,在温室和苗圃中进行性别区分时,与自动化图像识别系统结合使用可成为一种快速、经济的工具。
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来源期刊
Euphytica
Euphytica 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
5.30%
发文量
157
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Euphytica is an international journal on theoretical and applied aspects of plant breeding. It publishes critical reviews and papers on the results of original research related to plant breeding. The integration of modern and traditional plant breeding is a growing field of research using transgenic crop plants and/or marker assisted breeding in combination with traditional breeding tools. The content should cover the interests of researchers directly or indirectly involved in plant breeding, at universities, breeding institutes, seed industries, plant biotech companies and industries using plant raw materials, and promote stability, adaptability and sustainability in agriculture and agro-industries.
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