Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Nicotine Delivered by Chronic Electronic Cigarettes or Standard Cigarettes Captured by Cardiovascular Intrinsic Frequencies.
Rashid Alavi,Wangde Dai,Sohrab P Mazandarani,Rebecca J Arechavala,David A Herman,Michael T Kleinman,Robert A Kloner,Niema M Pahlevan
{"title":"Adverse Cardiovascular Effects of Nicotine Delivered by Chronic Electronic Cigarettes or Standard Cigarettes Captured by Cardiovascular Intrinsic Frequencies.","authors":"Rashid Alavi,Wangde Dai,Sohrab P Mazandarani,Rebecca J Arechavala,David A Herman,Michael T Kleinman,Robert A Kloner,Niema M Pahlevan","doi":"10.1161/jaha.124.035462","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\r\nElectronic cigarettes have gained popularity as a nicotine delivery system, which has been recommended by some as an aid to help people quit traditional smoking. The potential long-term effects of vaping on the cardiovascular system, as well as how their effects compare with those from standard cigarettes, are not well understood. The intrinsic frequency (IF) method is a systems approach for analysis of left ventricle and arterial function. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the diagnostic and prognostic value of IF. Here, we aim to determine whether the novel IF metrics derived from carotid pressure waveforms can detect effects of nicotine (delivered by chronic exposure to electronic cigarette vapor or traditional cigarette smoke) on the cardiovascular system.\r\n\r\nMETHODS AND RESULTS\r\nOne hundred seventeen healthy adult male and female rats were exposed to purified air (control), electronic cigarette vapor without nicotine, electronic cigarette vapor with nicotine, and traditional nicotine-rich cigarette smoke, after which hemodynamics were comprehensively evaluated. IF metrics were computed from invasive carotid pressure waveforms. Standard cigarettes significantly increased the first IF (indicating left ventricle contractile dysfunction). Electronic cigarettes with nicotine significantly reduced the second IF (indicating adverse effects on vascular function). No significant difference was seen in the IF metrics between controls and electronic cigarettes without nicotine. Exposure to electronic cigarettes with nicotine significantly increased the total IF variation (suggesting adverse effects on left ventricle-arterial coupling and its optimal state), when compared with electronic cigarettes without nicotine.\r\n\r\nCONCLUSIONS\r\nOur IF results suggest that nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes adversely affect vascular function and left ventricle-arterial coupling, whereas standard cigarettes have an adverse effect on left ventricle function.","PeriodicalId":54370,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Heart Association","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the American Heart Association","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.124.035462","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Electronic cigarettes have gained popularity as a nicotine delivery system, which has been recommended by some as an aid to help people quit traditional smoking. The potential long-term effects of vaping on the cardiovascular system, as well as how their effects compare with those from standard cigarettes, are not well understood. The intrinsic frequency (IF) method is a systems approach for analysis of left ventricle and arterial function. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the diagnostic and prognostic value of IF. Here, we aim to determine whether the novel IF metrics derived from carotid pressure waveforms can detect effects of nicotine (delivered by chronic exposure to electronic cigarette vapor or traditional cigarette smoke) on the cardiovascular system.
METHODS AND RESULTS
One hundred seventeen healthy adult male and female rats were exposed to purified air (control), electronic cigarette vapor without nicotine, electronic cigarette vapor with nicotine, and traditional nicotine-rich cigarette smoke, after which hemodynamics were comprehensively evaluated. IF metrics were computed from invasive carotid pressure waveforms. Standard cigarettes significantly increased the first IF (indicating left ventricle contractile dysfunction). Electronic cigarettes with nicotine significantly reduced the second IF (indicating adverse effects on vascular function). No significant difference was seen in the IF metrics between controls and electronic cigarettes without nicotine. Exposure to electronic cigarettes with nicotine significantly increased the total IF variation (suggesting adverse effects on left ventricle-arterial coupling and its optimal state), when compared with electronic cigarettes without nicotine.
CONCLUSIONS
Our IF results suggest that nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes adversely affect vascular function and left ventricle-arterial coupling, whereas standard cigarettes have an adverse effect on left ventricle function.
背景电子香烟作为一种尼古丁输送系统越来越受欢迎,一些人建议将其作为帮助人们戒除传统吸烟的一种辅助工具。目前还不太清楚电子烟对心血管系统的潜在长期影响,以及与普通香烟的影响相比有何不同。固有频率(IF)方法是一种分析左心室和动脉功能的系统方法。最近的临床研究证明了固有频率的诊断和预后价值。方法和结果 177 只健康成年雄性和雌性大鼠分别暴露于净化空气(对照组)、不含尼古丁的电子香烟蒸汽、含尼古丁的电子香烟蒸汽和富含尼古丁的传统香烟烟雾中,之后对血液动力学进行了全面评估。根据有创颈动脉压力波形计算出 IF 指标。标准香烟明显增加了第一个中频(表明左心室收缩功能障碍)。含有尼古丁的电子香烟明显降低了第二个IF(表明对血管功能的不利影响)。对照组和不含尼古丁的电子香烟之间的中频指标没有明显差异。与不含尼古丁的电子香烟相比,接触含尼古丁的电子香烟会明显增加 IF 的总变化(表明对左心室-动脉耦合及其最佳状态有不利影响)。
期刊介绍:
As an Open Access journal, JAHA - Journal of the American Heart Association is rapidly and freely available, accelerating the translation of strong science into effective practice.
JAHA is an authoritative, peer-reviewed Open Access journal focusing on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. JAHA provides a global forum for basic and clinical research and timely reviews on cardiovascular disease and stroke. As an Open Access journal, its content is free on publication to read, download, and share, accelerating the translation of strong science into effective practice.