Optimization of Copper Recovery and Fluorine Fixation from Spent Carbon Cathode Reduction Copper Slag by Response Surface Methodology

IF 2.5 3区材料科学 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1007/s40831-024-00919-x

Mingyang Li, Shiwei Zhou, Bo Li, Yonggang Wei, Hua Wang

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Abstract

Spent cathode carbon (SCC) contains a considerable amount of soluble fluoride, which is classified as a hazardous emission. In this study, SCC is employed to reduce copper slag, facilitating the recovery of valuable metals, such as copper and iron, while simultaneously fixing soluble fluoride. The results reveal the substantial influences of these factors (temperature, reducing time, and CaO addition) on fluoride fixation, while the reduction temperature and time significantly affect copper recovery. The optimal results of model fitting are that the fluorine fixation is 75.6%, and the copper recovery is 97.2%. The actual fluorine fixation obtained is 75.1%, and the copper recovery is 96.2%, closely aligning with the predicted outcomes of the model. The toxic leaching test and SEM‒EDS analysis show that F⁻ is effectively immobilized in the form of stabilized CaF₂, avoiding the potential hazard of fluorine.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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响应曲面法优化废碳阴极还原铜渣中铜的回收和氟的固定

废阴极碳（SCC）含有大量可溶性氟化物，被列为有害排放物。在本研究中，阴极炭被用于还原铜渣，从而在固定可溶性氟化物的同时，促进了铜和铁等有价金属的回收。结果表明，温度、还原时间和 CaO 添加量等因素对氟的固定有很大影响，而还原温度和时间则对铜的回收有显著影响。模型拟合的最佳结果是氟固定率为 75.6%，铜回收率为 97.2%。实际得到的氟固定率为 75.1%，铜回收率为 96.2%，与模型的预测结果非常接近。毒性浸出试验和 SEM-EDS 分析表明，F- 以稳定 CaF2 的形式被有效固定，避免了氟的潜在危害。

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来源期刊

Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Materials Science-Metals and Alloys

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

12.50%

发文量

151

期刊介绍： Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy is dedicated to presenting metallurgical processes and related research aimed at improving the sustainability of metal-producing industries, with a particular emphasis on materials recovery, reuse, and recycling. Its editorial scope encompasses new techniques, as well as optimization of existing processes, including utilization, treatment, and management of metallurgically generated residues. Articles on non-technical barriers and drivers that can affect sustainability will also be considered.