Fungal Bioluminescence: Past, Present, and Future

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.3390/d16090539

Wenhua Lu, Alviti Kankanamalage Hasith Priyashantha, Mahesh C. A. Galappaththi, Saowaluck Tibpromma, Dong-Qin Dai, Nimesha M. Patabendige, Bhagya M. Premarathne, Dinesh M. Kulasuriya, Aseni N. Ediriweera, Thilina S. Nimalrathna, Nakarin Suwannarach, Saisamorn Lumyong, Alvin Tang, Shi-Cheng Shao, Samantha C. Karunarathna

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Abstract

The complex and diverse phenomenon of fungal bioluminescence has captured human curiosity. Nevertheless, in the field of studies, there are not many attempts made particularly to reveal the new species of these interesting fungi. This study comprehensively reviews the diversity, distribution, evolution, bioluminescence mechanisms, ecological roles, and potential applications of these fungi. Most importantly, we also present an updated list of the reported bioluminescent fungi (122) so far identified from five distinct evolutionary lineages worldwide—Armillaria, Eoscyphella, Lucentipes, Mycenoid, and Omphalotus—mainly in tropical and subtropical areas. Bioluminescent fungi are descended from the last common ancestor of the Mycenoid and the Marasmioid clades of Agaricales, which have been maintained for at least 160 million years of evolution. We underscore the potential for future research to understand the ecological role of bioluminescent fungi, inspiring hope and optimism for the future of this field.

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真菌生物发光：过去、现在和未来

复杂多样的真菌生物发光现象吸引了人类的好奇心。然而，在研究领域，特别是揭示这些有趣真菌新物种的尝试并不多。本研究全面回顾了这些真菌的多样性、分布、进化、生物发光机制、生态作用和潜在应用。最重要的是，我们还提供了一份最新的生物发光真菌名单（122 种），这些真菌主要分布在热带和亚热带地区，目前已从全球五个不同的进化系中发现--金丝菌属（Armillaria）、鹅膏蕈属（Eoscyphella）、琉璃苣苔属（Lucentipes）、类真菌属（Mycenoid）和头癣菌属（Omphalotus）。生物发光真菌是姬松茸的类真菌支系（Mycenoid）和姬松茸支系（Marasmioid）的最后一个共同祖先的后代，这两个支系在进化过程中至少维持了 1.6 亿年。我们强调未来研究的潜力，以了解生物发光真菌的生态作用，为这一领域的未来带来希望和乐观。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Diversity

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