Biodiversity and Possible Bio-Indicators of Mediterranean Temporary Ponds in Southern Apulia, Italy

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI:10.3390/d16090559
Leonardo Beccarisi, Vincenzo Zuccarello, Rita Accogli, Genuario Belmonte
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Abstract

Mediterranean Temporary Ponds (MTPs) represent a priority habitat according to Directive 92/43/EEC (Natura 2000 code: 3170*). These are very shallow water habitats only seasonally flooded, with a flora mainly composed of Mediterranean therophytic and geophytic species. Its extreme seasonality and small size make this habitat highly vulnerable and hard to manage. In recent Italian monitoring campaigns, the conservation status of MTP 3170* was considered inadequate. In Apulia, where the habitat is considered as “the most vulnerable type”, 73 sites were censused, with a total coverage of about 10,000 m2. The present work refers to the monitoring for three years of a total of 16 habitat 3170* sites, with the aim of better describing faunal indicator species for this priority habitat. A total of 158 taxa of flora and 103 of fauna were identified from 54 floristic and 44 faunistic samplings in total, with a robust updating of the listed biodiversity. For the first time a group of faunal species is proposed as an indicator of the habitat MTP 3170*. The conservation status, assessed on the basis of structural and functional criteria, gave a satisfactory status for seven sites and an unsatisfactory one (variously rated as inadequate or bad) for nine.
意大利南阿普利亚地中海临时池塘的生物多样性和可能的生物指标
根据第 92/43/EEC 号指令,地中海临时池塘(MTPs)属于优先栖息地(自然 2000 代码:3170*)。这些水域非常浅,只有季节性洪水,植物区系主要由地中海食叶植物和地生植物组成。由于季节性强、面积小,这种生境非常脆弱,难以管理。在最近的意大利监测活动中,MTP 3170* 的保护状况被认为是不充分的。在被认为是 "最脆弱类型 "的阿普利亚,对 73 个地点进行了普查,总覆盖面积约为 10,000 平方米。目前的工作是对总共 16 个 3170*生境点进行为期三年的监测,目的是更好地描述这一优先生境的动物指示物种。从 54 个植物学样本和 44 个动物学样本中共鉴定出 158 个植物类群和 103 个动物类群,并对所列生物多样性进行了有力的更新。首次提出将一组动物物种作为栖息地 MTP 3170* 的指标。根据结构和功能标准对保护状况进行了评估,7 个地点的保护状况令人满意,9 个地点的保护状况令人不满意(被评为不足或糟糕)。
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