Spatiotemporal Distribution and Dispersal Pattern of Early Life Stages of the Small Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys Polyactis) in the Southern Yellow Sea

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.3390/d16090521
Xiaojing Song, Fen Hu, Min Xu, Yi Zhang, Yan Jin, Xiaodi Gao, Zunlei Liu, Jianzhong Ling, Shengfa Li, Jiahua Cheng
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Abstract

Nursery habitats play a significant role in completing fish life cycles, and they are now recognized as essential habitats. Monthly variations in nursery ground distributions of Larimichthys polyactis were investigated in the southern Yellow Sea in 2019. Bayesian hierarchical models with integrated nested Laplace approximation were utilized to model the preferential nursery habitats of L. polyactis larvae. The study analyzed the spatial and temporal distributions of the larvae and juveniles based on three environmental variables: sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and depth. Additionally, this study examined the utilization of habitats by different fish life stages and ontogenetic shifts. A total of 3240 individuals were collected from April to June, with the peak occurring in May (0.05 ind./m3), and the distribution areas varied between different months. The prediction of the model reveals the ecological adaptability of L. polyactis to temperature variations. The optimal temperature for L. polyactis density ranges from 12.5 °C to 16.5 °C in April and 16.5 °C to 17.5 °C in May, demonstrating a broad temperature tolerance for L. polyactis survival. In addition, there are variations in distribution patterns among different developmental stages. Larimichthys polyactis spawn in the inshore and nearshore waters, and after hatching, larvae in the pre-flexion stage tend to remain aggregated near the spawning beds. However, larvae in the advanced development stage (post-flexion) and juveniles move towards the sandy ridge habitats along the coast and start to migrate offshore in June. This study provides valuable insights for the effective management of fishery resources in the area and can be utilized to identify marine areas with specific habitat features that require conservation.
南黄海小黄鱼早期生命阶段的时空分布与扩散模式
育苗地在完成鱼类生命周期中发挥着重要作用,现已被公认为鱼类的重要栖息地。研究了2019年黄海南部多刺鱼育苗场分布的月度变化。利用贝叶斯分层模型和集成嵌套拉普拉斯近似法建立了多触角鱼幼体首选育苗地模型。研究分析了基于三个环境变量(海面温度、海面盐度和深度)的幼体和幼鱼的时空分布。此外,该研究还考察了不同鱼类生命阶段对栖息地的利用情况和本体转变。从 4 月到 6 月,共采集了 3240 条鱼类,高峰期出现在 5 月(0.05 ind./m3),不同月份的分布区域也不同。该模型的预测结果揭示了多刺蛛对温度变化的生态适应性。多孔菌密度的最适温度范围为 4 月的 12.5 ℃ 至 16.5 ℃ 和 5 月的 16.5 ℃ 至 17.5 ℃,这表明多孔菌的生存对温度有广泛的耐受性。此外,不同发育阶段的分布模式也有差异。大口蝠蝠鲼在近岸和近岸水域产卵,孵化后,处于折叠前期的幼体往往聚集在产卵床附近。然而,处于高级发育阶段(折叠后)的幼体和幼鱼会向沿岸的沙脊栖息地移动,并于 6 月开始向近海洄游。这项研究为有效管理该地区的渔业资源提供了宝贵的见解,并可用于确定需要保护的具有特定生境特征的海域。
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