Ore Geology, H-O-C Isotopes and 40Ar-39Ar Dating of the Wutonggou Iron Deposit, Eastern Tianshan, NW China: Implications for the Source, Timing, and Genesis of Hydrothermal Mineralization in a Sedimentary Iron Deposit

IF 4.1 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Chun-Long Wang, Yi-Tian Wang
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Abstract

The Wutonggou iron deposit is located in the well-known iron metallogenic belt in the eastern Tianshan, NW China, and has been regarded as a sedimentary iron deposit. Although hydrothermal overprinting could play indispensable roles in the formation of high-grade iron ores in sedimentary iron deposits, previous studies mainly focused on sedimentary-related iron mineralization, while the nature and contribution of hydrothermal fluids are poorly constrained. Accordingly, an integrated study of ore geology, H-O-C isotopes and 40Ar-39Ar dating, is conducted on the Wutonggou deposit, in order to reveal the features, source, and timing of hydrothermal mineralization. The studied deposit includes two mining sections namely the Jianshan and Wutonggou. The δ18O values of early magnetite from the Jianshan section range from +3.0‰ to +5.8‰ that nearly consistent with classic magmatic magnetite, while increase to 6.3‰–8.0‰ in the late stage. Quartz from the two sections shows comparable H-O isotopic compositions and identical fractionation trends, and is plotted in or periphery to the primary magmatic water area. Calcites from the two sections are broadly similar in carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions, and siderite from the Wutonggou section is plotted in the same region. Thus, comparable stable isotopic compositions and evolution trends indicate similar magmatic fluids contributed hydrothermal iron mineralization in the two mining sections. Moreover, water-rock interactions of varying degrees generated distinct mineralization styles in the Jianshan and Wutonggou sections, and caused the isotopic fractionation in late stages. Biotite extracted from a hydrothermal siderite ore yielded a 40Ar-39Ar plateau age of 299.5 ± 2.0 Ma, indicates the timing of hydrothermal iron mineralization is corresponding to the emplacement of vicinity granitoids. Taken together, the hydrothermal mineralization in the Wutonggou iron deposit was the product of remobilization and upgrading of early sedimentary iron ores, and ore-forming fluids were most probably originated from regional granitic magmatism.

中国西北部天山东部梧桐沟铁矿床的矿石地质、H-O-C 同位素和 40Ar-39Ar 测定:沉积铁矿床热液成矿的来源、时间和成因的意义
梧桐沟铁矿床位于中国西北部天山东部著名的铁成矿带,一直被视为沉积型铁矿床。虽然热液叠印在沉积型铁矿床高品位铁矿石的形成过程中起着不可或缺的作用,但以往的研究主要集中在与沉积有关的铁矿化方面,而对热液的性质和贡献则知之甚少。因此,对梧桐沟矿床进行了矿石地质、H-O-C 同位素和 40Ar-39Ar 测定的综合研究,以揭示热液成矿的特征、来源和时间。所研究的矿床包括两个矿段,即尖山矿段和梧桐沟矿段。尖山矿段早期磁铁矿的δ18O值在+3.0‰至+5.8‰之间,与典型的岩浆磁铁矿基本一致,而在晚期增加到6.3‰-8.0‰。两个断面的石英显示出相似的 H-O 同位素组成和相同的分馏趋势,并被绘制在原生岩浆水区或其外围。两个断面的方解石的碳和氧同位素组成大致相似,梧桐沟断面的菱铁矿也分布在同一区域。因此,可比的稳定同位素组成和演化趋势表明,类似的岩浆流体促成了两个矿段的热液铁矿化。此外,不同程度的水-岩相互作用在尖山矿段和梧桐沟矿段产生了不同的成矿方式,并导致了后期的同位素分馏。从热液菱铁矿中提取的生物岩,其40Ar-39Ar高原年龄为299.5±2.0Ma,表明热液铁成矿时间与附近花岗岩的成岩时间相对应。综上所述,梧桐沟铁矿床的热液成矿作用是早期沉积铁矿石再移动和升级的产物,成矿流体很可能来源于区域花岗岩岩浆活动。
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来源期刊
Journal of Earth Science
Journal of Earth Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
12.10%
发文量
128
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Earth Science (previously known as Journal of China University of Geosciences), issued bimonthly through China University of Geosciences, covers all branches of geology and related technology in the exploration and utilization of earth resources. Founded in 1990 as the Journal of China University of Geosciences, this publication is expanding its breadth of coverage to an international scope. Coverage includes such topics as geology, petrology, mineralogy, ore deposit geology, tectonics, paleontology, stratigraphy, sedimentology, geochemistry, geophysics and environmental sciences. Articles published in recent issues include Tectonics in the Northwestern West Philippine Basin; Creep Damage Characteristics of Soft Rock under Disturbance Loads; Simplicial Indicator Kriging; Tephra Discovered in High Resolution Peat Sediment and Its Indication to Climatic Event. The journal offers discussion of new theories, methods and discoveries; reports on recent achievements in the geosciences; and timely reviews of selected subjects.
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