Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided gastrojejunostomy with wire endoscopic simplified technique: Move towards benign indications (with video)

Abstract

ObjectivesEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided gastrojejunostomy (EUS‐GJ) is an alternative to duodenal stenting and surgical GJ (SGGJ) in malignant gastric outlet obstruction (MGOO). European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guidelines restricted EUS‐GJ for MGOO only, because of misdeployment. The aim was to evaluate its outcomes focusing on benign indications.MethodsThis was a retrospective study conducted from 2016 to 2023 in a tertiary center. Patients included had malignant or benign GOO indicated for EUS‐GJ. Techniques were the direct approach until August 2021, and the wire endoscopic simplified technique (WEST) afterwards. The main objective was to compare outcomes in benign vs. MGOO. Secondary end‐points were technical success, adverse events rates, and describing the evolution of techniques and indications.ResultsIn all, 87 patients were included, 46 men, mean age 66 ± 16.2 years. Indications were malignant in 60.1% and benign in 39.1%. The EUS‐GJ technique was direct in 33 patients (37.9%) and WEST in 54 (62.1%). No difference was found in terms of technical, clinical, or adverse events rates. The initial technical success rate was 88.5%. The final technical and clinical success rates were 96.6% and 94.25%, respectively. In the last year, benign exceeded malignant indications (70.4% vs. 29.6%, P < 0.05). Seven misdeployments occurred, six being addressed with the rescue technique. The misdeployment rate was significantly decreased using the WEST approach compared to the direct one: 3.7% vs. 18% (P < 0.05). The severe postoperative adverse events rate was 2.3%.ConclusionThis study demonstrated similar outcomes of EUS‐GJ between benign and MGOO, with a decreasing misdeployment rate (<4%) applying WEST. This represents an additional step towards recommending EUS‐GJ in benign indications.