Improving breaking efficiency of hard rock: Research on the mechanism of impact-shear rock breaking technology

IF 1.9 4区工程技术 Q4 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Exploration & Exploitation Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1177/01445987241273922

Pei Ju, Dongzhuang Tian

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

To expedite drilling operations in hard rock of coal mines, a new type of impact-shear drill bit was developed, and its mechanism of speed-up and efficiency increase was studied. The RHT constitutive model was used to describe the structural behavior of rock, and the rock-breaking simulation model of full-size bit was established. Compared with PDC bit and hammer bit, the rock-breaking force, bit torque, and rock stress characteristics of impact-shear bit were analyzed. The results show that, in comparison to PDC bit and hammer bit, the axial force of impact-shear bit was reduced by 68.25% and 71.40%, respectively, and the average torque was reduced by 91.79% and 83.36%, respectively. Notably, for the impact-shear bit, the fluctuation of drilling force was effectively mitigated, the stick–slip vibration of bit was weakened, the rock-breaking energy consumption was drastically reduced, and the rock-breaking efficiency and bit’s life were finally improved. In terms of rock stress characteristics, the pre-impact effect of the central hammer bit of the impact-shear bit can release the internal stress of the rock well, and the stress of the rock element on the hole wall was relatively reduced, thus making it easier for the external PDC bit to break the rock. Field test results show that, under the condition of the small drilling rig, the impact-shear bit can give full play to the pre-crushing function of the impact mechanism, thereby effectively protecting the PDC cutter of external PDC bit, and realizing the fast hole-forming in hard rock of coal mine.

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提高硬岩的破碎效率：冲击剪切破岩技术机理研究

为加快煤矿硬岩钻孔作业，开发了一种新型冲击剪切钻头，并对其提速增效机理进行了研究。采用 RHT 结构模型描述了岩石的结构行为，并建立了全尺寸钻头的破岩模拟模型。与 PDC 刀头和锤击刀头相比，分析了冲击剪切刀头的破岩力、刀头扭矩和岩石应力特性。结果表明，与 PDC 钻头和锤击钻头相比，冲击剪切钻头的轴向力分别降低了 68.25% 和 71.40%，平均扭矩分别降低了 91.79% 和 83.36%。值得注意的是，冲击剪切式钻头有效缓解了钻进力的波动，减弱了钻头的粘滑振动，大幅降低了破岩能耗，最终提高了破岩效率和钻头寿命。在岩石应力特性方面，冲击剪切式钻头中心锤钻头的预冲击作用能很好地释放岩石内应力，岩体对孔壁的应力相对减小，从而使外部 PDC 钻头更容易破岩。现场试验结果表明，在小型钻机条件下，冲击剪切钻头能充分发挥冲击机构的预破碎作用，从而有效保护外置 PDC 钻头的 PDC 刀盘，实现煤矿硬岩快速成孔。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Energy Exploration & Exploitation 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

3.70%

发文量

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： Energy Exploration & Exploitation is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that provides up-to-date, informative reviews and original articles on important issues in the exploration, exploitation, use and economics of the world’s energy resources.