{"title":"Omnibus Change Detection in Block Diagonal Covariance Matrix PolSAR Data Illustrated With Simulated and Sentinel-1 Data","authors":"Knut Conradsen;Henning Skriver;Allan Aasbjerg Nielsen","doi":"10.1109/JSTARS.2024.3453442","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the latest developments in our work on complex Wishart distribution-based detection of change in time series of multilook polarimetric synthetic aperture radar data in the covariance matrix representation. These developments include better approximations of the probability measures associated with the omnibus test statistics \n<inline-formula><tex-math>$\\bm {Q}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\n and \n<inline-formula><tex-math>$\\bm {R}_{\\bm {j}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\n for block diagonal data in general, including the important cases with diagonal only Sentinel-1 data as obtained from Google Earth Engine and reflection symmetry data for full polarimetry. Additionally, the article introduces an omnibus version of the Loewner (or Löwner) order with visualization of change over time, where the omnibus change path shows significant difference. We also find the time point with the greatest change along the omnibus change path. The processing is illustrated with generated data and a series of 15 Sentinel-1A scenes covering Frankfurt Airport, Germany. Results show that the new and better approximations of the probability measures for the test statistics are important for the assignment of labels “change” or “no change” to a pixel or a patch, especially in “no change” regions. Furthermore, compared to the use of the full covariance matrix, the probability measures associated with the diagonal only test statistics incorrectly detect more change in these “no change” regions for the Sentinel-1 diagonal only data. Hence, the use of the full 2 \n<inline-formula><tex-math>$\\bm {\\times }$</tex-math></inline-formula>\n 2 covariance matrix if avalable is important. Finally, the omnibus Loewner order gives far fewer false detections than its pairwise counterpart.","PeriodicalId":13116,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10663868","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10663868/","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This article describes the latest developments in our work on complex Wishart distribution-based detection of change in time series of multilook polarimetric synthetic aperture radar data in the covariance matrix representation. These developments include better approximations of the probability measures associated with the omnibus test statistics
$\bm {Q}$
and
$\bm {R}_{\bm {j}}$
for block diagonal data in general, including the important cases with diagonal only Sentinel-1 data as obtained from Google Earth Engine and reflection symmetry data for full polarimetry. Additionally, the article introduces an omnibus version of the Loewner (or Löwner) order with visualization of change over time, where the omnibus change path shows significant difference. We also find the time point with the greatest change along the omnibus change path. The processing is illustrated with generated data and a series of 15 Sentinel-1A scenes covering Frankfurt Airport, Germany. Results show that the new and better approximations of the probability measures for the test statistics are important for the assignment of labels “change” or “no change” to a pixel or a patch, especially in “no change” regions. Furthermore, compared to the use of the full covariance matrix, the probability measures associated with the diagonal only test statistics incorrectly detect more change in these “no change” regions for the Sentinel-1 diagonal only data. Hence, the use of the full 2
$\bm {\times }$
2 covariance matrix if avalable is important. Finally, the omnibus Loewner order gives far fewer false detections than its pairwise counterpart.
期刊介绍:
The IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing addresses the growing field of applications in Earth observations and remote sensing, and also provides a venue for the rapidly expanding special issues that are being sponsored by the IEEE Geosciences and Remote Sensing Society. The journal draws upon the experience of the highly successful “IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing” and provide a complementary medium for the wide range of topics in applied earth observations. The ‘Applications’ areas encompasses the societal benefit areas of the Global Earth Observations Systems of Systems (GEOSS) program. Through deliberations over two years, ministers from 50 countries agreed to identify nine areas where Earth observation could positively impact the quality of life and health of their respective countries. Some of these are areas not traditionally addressed in the IEEE context. These include biodiversity, health and climate. Yet it is the skill sets of IEEE members, in areas such as observations, communications, computers, signal processing, standards and ocean engineering, that form the technical underpinnings of GEOSS. Thus, the Journal attracts a broad range of interests that serves both present members in new ways and expands the IEEE visibility into new areas.