Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Its Associated Risk Factors among Medical Students in Two Countries

3区综合性期刊 Q1 Medicine

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.3390/ijerph21091165

Gulam Saidunnisa Begum, Noor Alhuda Talal Almashaikhi, Maryam Yousuf Albalushi, Hajar Mohammed Alsalehi, Rayan Salih Alazawi, Bellary Kuruba Manjunatha Goud, Rajani Dube

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Abstract

Introduction: PCOS, a common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age, affects fertility and increases the risks of other diseases. Early detection, risk factor assessment, and intervention are crucial to prevent long-term complications. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a pre-validated questionnaire at two medical colleges in the UAE and Oman. The first study (UAE) results are already published. Here, we present the findings of the second study (Oman) and compare them. Results and Discussion: The prevalence of PCOS was 4.6% (n = 7) in Oman and 27.6% (n = 69) in the UAE using the NIH criteria. The most common symptoms were irregular periods, acne, and thinning of hair. Students showed acne as the most prevalent symptom of clinical hyperandrogenism. Omani students showed significantly more acne [70.1% (n = 108) vs. 41.6% (n = 104)], while Emirati students showed a higher prevalence of hirsutism [32% (n = 80) vs. 23.3% (n = 36)]. A higher number of students had irregular periods 30.8% (77/150) in the UAE, although the difference was not statistically significant. The prevalence of PCOS was significantly higher in Emirati medical students than in Omani students (p < 0.05). The prevalence was also lower among medical students in Oman compared to an unselected population, reported by a study that included all consecutive women between 12 and 45 years of age attending a hospital. An increased trend in unhealthy lifestyle practices was observed in the recent study. Obesity was a strong predictor of PCOS symptoms across the populations in both countries (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of PCOS and clinical signs of hyperandrogenism vary significantly between countries in the MENA region. There is a need to identify specific risk factors associated with PCOS in different populations, explore the genetic basis, and undertake collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals from various disciplines to raise awareness about PCOS and its associated risks.

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两个国家医学生中多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 的患病率及其相关风险因素

导言：多囊卵巢综合症是育龄妇女常见的荷尔蒙失调症，会影响生育能力并增加罹患其他疾病的风险。早期发现、风险因素评估和干预对于预防长期并发症至关重要。材料和方法：本研究在阿联酋和阿曼的两所医学院中进行，使用的是经过预先验证的调查问卷。第一项研究（阿联酋）的结果已经公布。在此，我们将介绍第二项研究（阿曼）的结果，并对其进行比较。结果与讨论：根据美国国立卫生研究院的标准，多囊卵巢综合症的发病率在阿曼为 4.6%（n = 7），在阿联酋为 27.6%（n = 69）。最常见的症状是月经不调、痤疮和头发稀疏。学生们显示，痤疮是临床高雄激素症最常见的症状。阿曼学生的痤疮发病率明显更高[70.1%（108 人）对 41.6%（104 人）]，而阿联酋学生的多毛症发病率更高[32%（80 人）对 23.3%（36 人）]。阿联酋学生月经不调的比例较高，为 30.8%（77/150），但差异无统计学意义。阿联酋医科学生中多囊卵巢综合症的患病率明显高于阿曼学生（P < 0.05）。一项研究报告称，阿曼医科学生中多囊卵巢综合症的发病率也低于未被选中的人群，该研究包括所有连续到医院就诊的 12 至 45 岁女性。最近的研究发现，不健康的生活方式呈上升趋势。在这两个国家的人群中，肥胖是预测多囊卵巢综合症症状的一个重要因素（p < 0.05）。结论中东和北非地区不同国家的多囊卵巢综合症发病率和高雄激素临床表现差异很大。有必要确定不同人群中与多囊卵巢综合症相关的特定风险因素，探索其遗传基础，并在各学科医疗保健专业人员之间开展合作，以提高人们对多囊卵巢综合症及其相关风险的认识。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

14422

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) (ISSN 1660-4601) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes, and short communications in the interdisciplinary area of environmental health sciences and public health. It links several scientific disciplines including biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, cellular and molecular biology, chemistry, computer science, ecology, engineering, epidemiology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, oncology, pathology, pharmacology, and toxicology, in an integrated fashion, to address critical issues related to environmental quality and public health. Therefore, IJERPH focuses on the publication of scientific and technical information on the impacts of natural phenomena and anthropogenic factors on the quality of our environment, the interrelationships between environmental health and the quality of life, as well as the socio-cultural, political, economic, and legal considerations related to environmental stewardship and public health. The 2018 IJERPH Outstanding Reviewer Award has been launched! This award acknowledge those who have generously dedicated their time to review manuscripts submitted to IJERPH. See full details at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/awards.