{"title":"Development of Polyelectrolyte-Coated Liposomes as Nanostructured Systems for Nisin Delivery: Antimicrobial Activity and Long-Term Stability","authors":"Solange Hübner Wienke, Cristian Mauricio Barreto Pinilla, Renata Vidor Contri, Adriano Brandelli","doi":"10.1007/s11483-024-09876-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of natural antimicrobial peptides is a viable preservation alternative in the production of safe and good-quality products for consumption. Nanoliposomes containing nisin were prepared by film hydration with phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol, and coated with the polyelectrolytes (PEs) chitosan, cationic maltodextrin or poly-L-lysine (PLL), and characterized in their physical, thermal, functional and storage stability properties. As results, nisin encapsulation efficiency was around 90% for all formulations. The average diameter varied between 93.2 and 115.8 nm, with an increase in size after incorporation of PE, and the zeta potential ranged from + 11.3 to + 23.9 mV. These physical parameters showed good stability during 60 days of refrigeration (4 °C). The thermal characteristics of the liposomes were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). An improvement in the thermal stability of liposomes coated with PEs was observed. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed predominantly PC peaks as the bulk component of the nanostructures, but representative peaks of PEs and nisin suggested their presence on the surface of liposomes. Finally, antimicrobial activity was observed against Gram-positive bacteria (<i>L. monocytogenes</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>B. cereus</i>) and Gram-negative bacteria (<i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. enterica</i>), in brain heart infusion (BHI), whole, and skimmed milk agar. The formulations containing PEs and nisin maintained the physical properties and antimicrobial activity after 60 days of storage. Therefore, liposomes coated with cationic PEs have the potential to deliver antimicrobial peptides to reduce undesirable bacteria in foods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":564,"journal":{"name":"Food Biophysics","volume":"19 4","pages":"994 - 1006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Food Biophysics","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11483-024-09876-0","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The use of natural antimicrobial peptides is a viable preservation alternative in the production of safe and good-quality products for consumption. Nanoliposomes containing nisin were prepared by film hydration with phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol, and coated with the polyelectrolytes (PEs) chitosan, cationic maltodextrin or poly-L-lysine (PLL), and characterized in their physical, thermal, functional and storage stability properties. As results, nisin encapsulation efficiency was around 90% for all formulations. The average diameter varied between 93.2 and 115.8 nm, with an increase in size after incorporation of PE, and the zeta potential ranged from + 11.3 to + 23.9 mV. These physical parameters showed good stability during 60 days of refrigeration (4 °C). The thermal characteristics of the liposomes were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). An improvement in the thermal stability of liposomes coated with PEs was observed. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed predominantly PC peaks as the bulk component of the nanostructures, but representative peaks of PEs and nisin suggested their presence on the surface of liposomes. Finally, antimicrobial activity was observed against Gram-positive bacteria (L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, and B. cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and S. enterica), in brain heart infusion (BHI), whole, and skimmed milk agar. The formulations containing PEs and nisin maintained the physical properties and antimicrobial activity after 60 days of storage. Therefore, liposomes coated with cationic PEs have the potential to deliver antimicrobial peptides to reduce undesirable bacteria in foods.
期刊介绍：
Biophysical studies of foods and agricultural products involve research at the interface of chemistry, biology, and engineering, as well as the new interdisciplinary areas of materials science and nanotechnology. Such studies include but are certainly not limited to research in the following areas: the structure of food molecules, biopolymers, and biomaterials on the molecular, microscopic, and mesoscopic scales; the molecular basis of structure generation and maintenance in specific foods, feeds, food processing operations, and agricultural products; the mechanisms of microbial growth, death and antimicrobial action; structure/function relationships in food and agricultural biopolymers; novel biophysical techniques (spectroscopic, microscopic, thermal, rheological, etc.) for structural and dynamical characterization of food and agricultural materials and products; the properties of amorphous biomaterials and their influence on chemical reaction rate, microbial growth, or sensory properties; and molecular mechanisms of taste and smell.
A hallmark of such research is a dependence on various methods of instrumental analysis that provide information on the molecular level, on various physical and chemical theories used to understand the interrelations among biological molecules, and an attempt to relate macroscopic chemical and physical properties and biological functions to the molecular structure and microscopic organization of the biological material.
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