Optimization of Residential Hydrogen Facilities with Waste Heat Recovery: Economic Feasibility across Various European Cities

IF 2.8 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
Processes Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.3390/pr12091933
Evangelos E. Pompodakis, Arif Ahmed, Georgios I. Orfanoudakis, Emmanuel S. Karapidakis
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Abstract

The European Union has established ambitious targets for lowering carbon dioxide emissions in the residential sector, aiming for all new buildings to be “zero-emission” by 2030. Integrating solar generators with hydrogen storage systems is emerging as a viable solution for achieving these goals in homes. This paper introduces a linear programming optimization algorithm aimed at improving the installation capacity of residential solar–hydrogen systems, which also utilize waste heat recovery from electrolyzers and fuel cells to increase the overall efficiency of the system. Analyzing six European cities with diverse climate conditions, our techno-economic assessments show that optimized configurations of these systems can lead to significant net present cost savings for electricity and heat over a 20-year period, with potential savings up to EUR 63,000, which amounts to a 26% cost reduction, especially in Southern Europe due to its abundant solar resources. Furthermore, these systems enhance sustainability and viability in the residential sector by significantly reducing carbon emissions. Our study does not account for the potential economic benefits from EU subsidies. Instead, we propose a novel incentive policy that allows owners of solar–hydrogen systems to inject up to 20% of their total solar power output directly into the grid, bypassing hydrogen storage. This strategy provides two key advantages: first, it enables owners to profit by selling the excess photovoltaic power during peak midday hours, rather than curtailing production; second, it facilitates a reduction in the size—and therefore cost—of the electrolyzer.
利用余热回收优化住宅氢气设施:欧洲各城市的经济可行性
欧盟为降低住宅领域的二氧化碳排放制定了雄心勃勃的目标,旨在到 2030 年实现所有新建建筑的 "零排放"。将太阳能发电机与储氢系统集成,正在成为在住宅中实现这些目标的可行解决方案。本文介绍了一种线性编程优化算法,旨在提高住宅太阳能-氢气系统的安装能力,同时利用电解槽和燃料电池的废热回收来提高系统的整体效率。通过对六个气候条件各异的欧洲城市进行分析,我们的技术经济评估表明,这些系统的优化配置可在 20 年内显著节省电力和热能的净现值成本,潜在节省额高达 63,000 欧元,相当于降低 26% 的成本,尤其是在太阳能资源丰富的南欧。此外,这些系统还能显著减少碳排放,从而提高住宅领域的可持续性和可行性。我们的研究没有考虑欧盟补贴带来的潜在经济效益。相反,我们提出了一种新颖的激励政策,允许太阳能-氢气系统的所有者绕过氢气存储,将其太阳能总输出功率的 20% 直接注入电网。这一策略有两大优势:首先,它能让所有者通过在中午高峰时段出售多余的光伏发电量来获利,而不是削减产量;其次,它有利于缩小电解槽的尺寸,从而降低成本。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Processes
Processes Chemical Engineering-Bioengineering
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
11.40%
发文量
2239
审稿时长
14.11 days
期刊介绍: Processes (ISSN 2227-9717) provides an advanced forum for process related research in chemistry, biology and allied engineering fields. The journal publishes regular research papers, communications, letters, short notes and reviews. Our aim is to encourage researchers to publish their experimental, theoretical and computational results in as much detail as necessary. There is no restriction on paper length or number of figures and tables.
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