(D)rifting in the 21st century: key processes, natural hazards, and geo-resources

IF 3.2 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Solid Earth Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI:10.5194/se-15-989-2024
Frank Zwaan, Tiago M. Alves, Patricia Cadenas, Mohamed Gouiza, Jordan J. J. Phethean, Sascha Brune, Anne C. Glerum
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract. Rifting and continental break-up are major research topics within geosciences, and a thorough understanding of the processes involved as well as of the associated natural hazards and natural resources is of great importance to both science and society. As a result, a large body of knowledge is available in the literature, with most of this previous research being focused on tectonic and geodynamic processes and their links to the evolution of rift systems. We believe that the key task for researchers is to make our knowledge of rift systems available and applicable to face current and future societal challenges. In particular, we should embrace a system analysis approach and aim to apply our knowledge to better understand the links between rift processes, natural hazards, and the geo-resources that are of critical importance to realise the energy transition and a sustainable future. The aim of this paper is therefore to provide a first-order framework for such an approach by providing an up-to-date summary of rifting processes, hazards, and geo-resources, followed by an assessment of future challenges and opportunities for research. We address the varied terminology used to characterise rifting in the scientific literature, followed by a description of rifting processes with a focus on the impact of (1) rheology and stain rates, (2) inheritance in three dimensions, (3) magmatism, and (4) surface processes. Subsequently, we describe the considerable natural hazards that occur in rift settings, which are linked to (1) seismicity, (2) magmatism, and (3) mass wasting, and provide some insights into how the impacts of these hazards can be mitigated. Moreover, we classify and describe the geo-resources occurring in rift environments as (1) non-energy resources, (2) geo-energy resources, (3) water and soils, and (4) opportunities for geological storage. Finally, we discuss the main challenges for the future linked to the aforementioned themes and identify numerous opportunities for follow-up research and knowledge application. In particular, we see great potential in systematic knowledge transfer and collaboration between researchers, industry partners, and government bodies, which may be the key to future successes and advancements.
(21 世纪的(断裂):关键过程、自然灾害和地质资源
摘要断裂和大陆解体是地球科学领域的主要研究课题,全面了解其中的过程以及相关的自然灾害和自然资源对科学和社会都非常重要。因此,文献中已经有了大量的知识,而以往的研究大多集中在构造和地球动力过程及其与断裂系统演化的联系方面。我们认为,研究人员的关键任务是提供裂谷系统的知识,并将其应用于应对当前和未来的社会挑战。特别是,我们应该采用系统分析的方法,运用我们的知识更好地理解裂谷过程、自然灾害和地质资源之间的联系,这对实现能源转型和可持续未来至关重要。因此,本文旨在通过对断裂过程、灾害和地质资源的最新概述,为这种方法提供一个初阶框架,然后对未来研究的挑战和机遇进行评估。我们讨论了科学文献中用于描述断裂特征的各种术语,随后描述了断裂过程,重点是以下方面的影响:(1) 流变学和染色速率;(2) 三维继承;(3) 岩浆作用;(4) 地表过程。随后,我们描述了发生在断裂环境中的大量自然灾害,这些自然灾害与 (1) 地震、(2) 岩浆活动和 (3) 大规模流失有关,并就如何减轻这些灾害的影响提供了一些见解。此外,我们还将裂谷环境中出现的地质资源分类并描述为:(1) 非能源资源,(2) 地质能源资源,(3) 水和土壤,以及 (4) 地质储存机会。最后,我们讨论了与上述主题相关的未来主要挑战,并确定了后续研究和知识应用的众多机会。特别是,我们认为研究人员、行业合作伙伴和政府机构之间的系统知识转让与合作具有巨大潜力,这可能是未来取得成功和进步的关键。
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来源期刊
Solid Earth
Solid Earth GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
8.80%
发文量
78
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Solid Earth (SE) is a not-for-profit journal that publishes multidisciplinary research on the composition, structure, dynamics of the Earth from the surface to the deep interior at all spatial and temporal scales. The journal invites contributions encompassing observational, experimental, and theoretical investigations in the form of short communications, research articles, method articles, review articles, and discussion and commentaries on all aspects of the solid Earth (for details see manuscript types). Being interdisciplinary in scope, SE covers the following disciplines: geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, volcanology; geodesy and gravity; geodynamics: numerical and analogue modeling of geoprocesses; geoelectrics and electromagnetics; geomagnetism; geomorphology, morphotectonics, and paleoseismology; rock physics; seismics and seismology; critical zone science (Earth''s permeable near-surface layer); stratigraphy, sedimentology, and palaeontology; rock deformation, structural geology, and tectonics.
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