Tectonic interplay between the South Tibetan Detachment System and the North Himalayan genesis dome

IF 3.2 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Xinyu Dong, Wenhui Li, Zhanwu Lu, Xingfu Huang, Rui Gao
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Abstract

Abstract. The formation and evolution of the Himalayas are intimately linked to the South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS) in the northern Himalayas. Despite ongoing controversies about the deep structural style of the STDS, understanding the emplacement mechanism of the leucogranite in the North Himalayan gneiss domes (NHGDs) remains challenging due to insufficient information about deep structures. In this study, we characterized the subsurface structure of the STDS on the eastern side of the Tethys Himalayas and analyze the relationship between STDS tectonic activity and the formation of the NHGD. We conducted a deep seismic reflection survey with a line length of over 135 km and performed geological field investigations in the eastern Tethys Himalayas (92° E) from 2017 to 2018. Our findings indicate that the STDS presents as a roof thrust fault of duplex structures in the eastern Tethys Himalayas and displays characteristics of two-phase denudation (STDS-1 and STDS-2) from the Miocene, corresponding to the two-phase Tethys tectonic uplift. The first phase of denudation (STDS-1) led to the exposure of its structure around the Yarlhashampo dome. Both STDS-1 and STDS-2 denudation activities play crucial roles in promoting the partial melting of middle crust metasediments, which subsequently migrated upward to form leucogranite through diapirism in the core of the Yarlhashampo dome.
藏南脱落系与北喜马拉雅成因穹隆之间的构造相互作用
摘要喜马拉雅山的形成和演化与喜马拉雅山北部的藏南脱落系(STDS)密切相关。尽管关于南藏脱落系的深部构造样式一直存在争议,但由于深部构造信息不足,要了解北喜马拉雅片麻岩穹隆(NHGDs)中白云岩的成岩机制仍具有挑战性。在这项研究中,我们描述了特提斯喜马拉雅山东侧 STDS 的地下结构,并分析了 STDS 构造活动与 NHGD 形成之间的关系。2017年至2018年,我们在特提斯喜马拉雅山东侧(东经92°)开展了线长超过135千米的深层地震反射勘探,并进行了野外地质调查。我们的研究结果表明,STDS 是特提斯喜马拉雅山东部的一条顶推断层,为双相构造,显示了中新世以来两期剥蚀(STDS-1 和 STDS-2)的特征,与特提斯构造两期隆起相对应。第一期剥蚀(STDS-1)导致雅鲁藏布穹隆周围的结构暴露出来。STDS-1 和 STDS-2 两种剥蚀活动在促进中地壳玄武岩部分熔化方面发挥了关键作用,这些玄武岩随后通过雅鲁藏布穹隆核心的斜长构造向上迁移,形成了白花岗岩。
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来源期刊
Solid Earth
Solid Earth GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
8.80%
发文量
78
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Solid Earth (SE) is a not-for-profit journal that publishes multidisciplinary research on the composition, structure, dynamics of the Earth from the surface to the deep interior at all spatial and temporal scales. The journal invites contributions encompassing observational, experimental, and theoretical investigations in the form of short communications, research articles, method articles, review articles, and discussion and commentaries on all aspects of the solid Earth (for details see manuscript types). Being interdisciplinary in scope, SE covers the following disciplines: geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, volcanology; geodesy and gravity; geodynamics: numerical and analogue modeling of geoprocesses; geoelectrics and electromagnetics; geomagnetism; geomorphology, morphotectonics, and paleoseismology; rock physics; seismics and seismology; critical zone science (Earth''s permeable near-surface layer); stratigraphy, sedimentology, and palaeontology; rock deformation, structural geology, and tectonics.
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