X‐ray microanalysis and mapping for white ceramics unearthed from Gangguantun Kiln of Liaoyang, Liaoning province, China

IF 1.5 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 SPECTROSCOPY
Guiyun Shen, Jinyu Yu, Baolong Zhang, Yuanyuan Wu, Jun Zhou, Naisheng Li, Jian Zhu
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Abstract

In this case, electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) and micro x‐ray fluorescence (μ‐XRF) techniques were employed to the analysis of white porcelain species artifacts unearthed from the Gangguantun Kiln (10–13th century) and investigate for its production processes' details by microanalysis. Microscopic observation reveals the presence of inclusions in the ceramic bodies across different historical periods, with notable disparities in the form and quantity of these inclusions between samples from distinct periods. By employing EPMA mapping and particle analysis, it was discerned that the inclusions in the late‐period white porcelain are primarily composed of calcium‐rich materials, exhibiting a uniform composition and structure. The uniformity in particle size distribution strongly suggests that these inclusions are temper with certain purpose, deliberately and intentionally introduced by skilled artisans following a controlled processing method. This discovery rectifies the previously held notion that the white porcelain products from the Gangguantun Kiln were rustic and coarse, with the “black iron spots” or other inclusion being viewed as impurities. Furthermore, these temper materials, likely treated before incorporation, may have played a role in enhancing the firing process of ceramics. This revelation sheds light on the distinctive technological aspects of ceramic craftsmanship during the Liao and Jin dynasty periods. It serves as a crucial reference for delving into the technical choices and integration within the handicraft industry of northern China during the Liao‐Jin era, as well as the unique regional characteristics and stylistic features of the period. This significantly enriches our comprehension of this historical era.
中国辽宁省辽阳市岗官屯窑出土白瓷的 X 射线显微分析与绘图
本次研究采用电子探针显微分析仪(EPMA)和微X射线荧光(μ-XRF)技术,对江官屯窑(10-13世纪)出土的白瓷器物进行分析,并通过显微分析研究其生产工艺细节。显微镜观察发现,不同历史时期的瓷器胎体中都存在夹杂物,不同时期的样品在夹杂物的形态和数量上存在明显差异。通过 EPMA 制图和颗粒分析,发现晚期白瓷中的夹杂物主要由富含钙质的物质组成,呈现出均匀的成分和结构。颗粒大小分布的均匀性有力地表明,这些夹杂物是由能工巧匠按照可控的加工方法有意识、有目的地加入的。这一发现纠正了以往认为江官屯窑的白瓷产品质朴粗糙,"黑铁点 "或其他夹杂物被视为杂质的观点。此外,这些回火材料很可能是在加入之前经过处理的,可能在提高陶瓷烧制工艺方面发挥了作用。这一发现揭示了辽金时期陶瓷工艺的独特技术。它为研究辽金时期中国北方手工业的技术选择和整合,以及该时期独特的地域特征和风格特征提供了重要参考。这极大地丰富了我们对这一历史时代的理解。
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来源期刊
X-Ray Spectrometry
X-Ray Spectrometry 物理-光谱学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
8.30%
发文量
38
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: X-Ray Spectrometry is devoted to the rapid publication of papers dealing with the theory and application of x-ray spectrometry using electron, x-ray photon, proton, γ and γ-x sources. Covering advances in techniques, methods and equipment, this established journal provides the ideal platform for the discussion of more sophisticated X-ray analytical methods. Both wavelength and energy dispersion systems are covered together with a range of data handling methods, from the most simple to very sophisticated software programs. Papers dealing with the application of x-ray spectrometric methods for structural analysis are also featured as well as applications papers covering a wide range of areas such as environmental analysis and monitoring, art and archaelogical studies, mineralogy, forensics, geology, surface science and materials analysis, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.
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