{"title":"Plant growth and physiological responses of the invasive plant Acmella radicans to contrasting light and soil water conditions","authors":"Xiaohan Wu, Fengping Zheng, Gaofeng Xu, Kexin Yang, David Roy Clements, Yunhai Yang, Shaosong Yang, Guimei Jin, Fudou Zhang, Shicai Shen","doi":"10.1007/s11084-024-09656-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Acmella radicans</i> (Jacquin) R.K. Jansen is a new invasive species record for Yunnan Province, China, as of 2017 and little is known about its invasion mechanisms. To better understand its invasive strategies, we investigated the growth, physiological and soil nutrient use parameters of the invader under combined conditions of light (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of light availability) and soil water content (full, high, medium, and low soil water content) in the glasshouse. The results showed that light level, soil water content and their interaction had a significant effect on all plant morphological, physiological and soil nutrient parameters for <i>A. radicans</i> (P < 0.05). For the most part, plant height, total branch length, leafstalk length, leaf area, inflorescence number, seed number, leaf biomass, stem biomass, aboveground biomass, and total biomass of <i>A. radicans</i> were significantly increased with increased shading rate and soil water content and were generally greater at intermediate light levels and intermediate to high soil water levels. Under high-irradiance conditions, the chlorophyll content was greatly reduced compared to other treatments. We also observed that leafstalk length, leaf area, Pn, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b of <i>A. radicans</i> were markedly increased with increased shading rate and soil water content, and were generally highest under intermediate irradiance and soil water conditions, but many plant physiological parameters also exhibited relatively high values under waterlogging conditions. The concentrations of organic matter, available N and available K of <i>A. radicans</i> soils at high-irradiance and full-high soil water content treatments and medium-irradiance and high-medium soil water content treatments were often less than those of other treatments indicated that hypothetically soil absorption was increased by moderate shading and high soil water. This was the first study demonstrating that <i>A. radican</i>s thrives best under moderate light conditions in combination with high soil water. Furthermore, we surmised that its higher phenotypic and physiological plasticity contributes to its invasion success.</p>","PeriodicalId":19614,"journal":{"name":"Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres","volume":"2019 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11084-024-09656-3","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Acmella radicans (Jacquin) R.K. Jansen is a new invasive species record for Yunnan Province, China, as of 2017 and little is known about its invasion mechanisms. To better understand its invasive strategies, we investigated the growth, physiological and soil nutrient use parameters of the invader under combined conditions of light (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of light availability) and soil water content (full, high, medium, and low soil water content) in the glasshouse. The results showed that light level, soil water content and their interaction had a significant effect on all plant morphological, physiological and soil nutrient parameters for A. radicans (P < 0.05). For the most part, plant height, total branch length, leafstalk length, leaf area, inflorescence number, seed number, leaf biomass, stem biomass, aboveground biomass, and total biomass of A. radicans were significantly increased with increased shading rate and soil water content and were generally greater at intermediate light levels and intermediate to high soil water levels. Under high-irradiance conditions, the chlorophyll content was greatly reduced compared to other treatments. We also observed that leafstalk length, leaf area, Pn, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b of A. radicans were markedly increased with increased shading rate and soil water content, and were generally highest under intermediate irradiance and soil water conditions, but many plant physiological parameters also exhibited relatively high values under waterlogging conditions. The concentrations of organic matter, available N and available K of A. radicans soils at high-irradiance and full-high soil water content treatments and medium-irradiance and high-medium soil water content treatments were often less than those of other treatments indicated that hypothetically soil absorption was increased by moderate shading and high soil water. This was the first study demonstrating that A. radicans thrives best under moderate light conditions in combination with high soil water. Furthermore, we surmised that its higher phenotypic and physiological plasticity contributes to its invasion success.
Acmella radicans (Jacquin) R.K. Jansen是中国云南省2017年新记录的入侵物种，人们对其入侵机制知之甚少。为了更好地了解其入侵策略，我们在玻璃温室中研究了光照（25%、50%、75%和100%光照）和土壤含水量（土壤全含水量、高含水量、中含水量和低含水量）综合条件下入侵者的生长、生理和土壤养分利用参数。结果表明，光照水平、土壤含水量及其交互作用对 A. radicans 的所有植株形态、生理和土壤养分参数均有显著影响（P < 0.05）。大部分情况下，随着遮光率和土壤含水量的增加，A. radicans 的株高、总枝长、叶柄长、叶面积、花序数、种子数、叶生物量、茎生物量、地上生物量和总生物量都显著增加，并且在中等光照水平和中高土壤含水量条件下一般都更大。在高辐照条件下，叶绿素含量比其他处理大大降低。我们还观察到，随着遮光率和土壤含水量的增加，A. radicans 的叶柄长度、叶面积、Pn、叶绿素 a 和叶绿素 b 显著增加，在中等辐照度和土壤含水量条件下，叶绿素 a 和叶绿素 b 一般最高，但在积水条件下，许多植物生理参数也表现出相对较高的值。高辐照度和全高土壤含水量处理以及中辐照度和中高土壤含水量处理下 A. radicans 土壤的有机质、可利用氮和可利用钾的浓度往往低于其他处理，这表明假定土壤吸收能力会因适度遮光和高土壤含水量而增加。这是首次研究证明，在中等光照和高土壤含水量条件下，A. radicans 的生长最为旺盛。此外，我们推测其较高的表型和生理可塑性也是其成功入侵的原因之一。
期刊介绍：
The subject of the origin and early evolution of life is an inseparable part of the general discipline of Astrobiology. The journal Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres places special importance on the interconnection as well as the interdisciplinary nature of these fields, as is reflected in its subject coverage. While any scientific study which contributes to our understanding of the origins, evolution and distribution of life in the Universe is suitable for inclusion in the journal, some examples of important areas of interest are: prebiotic chemistry and the nature of Earth''s early environment, self-replicating and self-organizing systems, the theory of the RNA world and of other possible precursor systems, and the problem of the origin of the genetic code. Early evolution of life - as revealed by such techniques as the elucidation of biochemical pathways, molecular phylogeny, the study of Precambrian sediments and fossils and of major innovations in microbial evolution - forms a second focus. As a larger and more general context for these areas, Astrobiology refers to the origin and evolution of life in a cosmic setting, and includes interstellar chemistry, planetary atmospheres and habitable zones, the organic chemistry of comets, meteorites, asteroids and other small bodies, biological adaptation to extreme environments, life detection and related areas. Experimental papers, theoretical articles and authorative literature reviews are all appropriate forms for submission to the journal. In the coming years, Astrobiology will play an even greater role in defining the journal''s coverage and keeping Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres well-placed in this growing interdisciplinary field.
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