Derivational morphology and suffixing bias on linguistic and nonlinguistic material

IF 2.1 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
Leona Polyanskaya, Stavros Skopeteas, Peter Halama, Robin Hollenbach, Mikhail Ordin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Across world languages, grammatical meanings tend to be expressed by suffixes. Whether this bias is defined by shaping language so that it is easily processed by domain-general cognitive mechanisms or whether the bias is specific to the language domain has not been resolved. Most evidence supporting these competing hypotheses focuses on the effect of suffixing bias on inflectional morphology and ignores derivational morphology. Here, we explored suffixing bias in German and Slovak populations. These languages are strongly suffixing in terms of inflectional morphology but differ in verbal derivational morphology. Verbal prefixes can be detached from the root in the German language and are always attached to the root in the Slovak language. We explored whether suffixing bias can be observed in both populations while detecting and memorizing linguistic and nonlinguistic sequences in a continuous sensory input by means of statistical learning mechanisms. We found that suffixes facilitate statistical learning more than prefixes on linguistic material, and the effect was not observed on nonlinguistic material, suggesting that suffixing bias is specific to speech. When people are forced to choose between suffixed and prefixed sequences from the familiarization stream, German speakers show a stronger preference for suffixed sequences, while Slovak speakers do not show any preference; hence, properties of derivational morphology of the ambient language can modulate suffixing bias.
语言和非语言材料上的派生词形和后缀偏误
在世界各种语言中,语法意义往往通过后缀来表达。这种偏向是通过塑造语言使其易于被领域通用的认知机制所处理,还是语言领域特有的偏向,这个问题还没有解决。支持这些相互竞争的假说的大多数证据都集中在后缀偏误对词缀形态学的影响上,而忽略了派生形态学。在这里,我们探讨了德语和斯洛伐克语人群中的后缀偏误。这两种语言在词缀形态方面具有强烈的后缀倾向,但在动词派生形态方面却有所不同。在德语中,动词前缀可以与词根分离,而在斯洛伐克语中,动词前缀总是与词根相连。我们通过统计学习机制,探讨了在检测和记忆连续感官输入中的语言和非语言序列时,是否可以在这两种语言中观察到后缀偏向。我们发现,在语言材料中,后缀比前缀更有利于统计学习,而在非语言材料中则观察不到这种效应,这表明后缀偏向是语音所特有的。当人们被迫在熟悉流中的后缀序列和前缀序列之间做出选择时,德语使用者表现出对后缀序列更强的偏好,而斯洛伐克语使用者则没有表现出任何偏好;因此,环境语言的派生形态学特性可以调节后缀偏好。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Language Evolution
Journal of Language Evolution Social Sciences-Linguistics and Language
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
7.70%
发文量
8
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