Habitat partitioning by two coral-dwelling scorpionfishes in Hawai‘i

IF 2.7 2区 生物学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
Ryan N. Jones
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Abstract

Coral reefs are among the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth, largely due to the structural complexity created by corals. Coral habitat is crucial refuge for numerous small animals, and competition for habitat can structure populations if in short supply. Reefs in Hawai‘i are largely dominated by the small branching coral Pocillopora meandrina, which supports diverse communities of fishes and invertebrates. Two species of nocturnal scorpionfishes, Sebastapistes coniorta and S. galactacma, are particularly common in P. meandrina, inhabiting the complex branching morphology of their host corals during the day and feeding in and around these corals at night. Surveys of scorpionfishes in 458 P. meandrina between 3 and 22 m deep along the south and west shores of O‘ahu revealed inverse depth distributions over which these species occurred in P. meandrina. Sebastapistes coniorta almost exclusively occurred in coral colonies between 5 and 10 m deep, while S. galactacma were found across all depths surveyed, though were far more common and abundant in deeper coral colonies (15–20 m) below the range of S. coniorta. Further, measurements of host colony morphometrics revealed that these species appeared to use microhabitat in subtly different ways. The larger-bodied species, S. coniorta, was more commonly found in P. meandrina with wider spaces between branches, while the smaller-bodied species was negatively associated with wider branch spacing. These patterns indicate habitat partitioning between S. coniorta and S. galactacma at both the reef and colony scale, which may explain how these species are able to coexist on reefs in Hawai‘i.

Abstract Image

夏威夷两种珊瑚栖息蝎鱼的生境分区
珊瑚礁是地球上最具生物多样性的生态系统之一,这主要归功于珊瑚所创造的复杂结构。珊瑚栖息地是众多小动物的重要避难所,如果栖息地短缺,对栖息地的竞争就会造成种群结构的改变。夏威夷的珊瑚礁主要由小枝珊瑚 Pocillopora meandrina 主导,它支持着鱼类和无脊椎动物的多样化群落。两种夜间活动的蝎子鱼--Sebastapistes coniorta 和 S. galactacma--在 P. meandrina 尤为常见,它们白天栖息在寄主珊瑚复杂的分支形态中,晚上则在这些珊瑚内部和周围觅食。对瓦胡岛南岸和西岸水深 3 米至 22 米的 458 个 P. meandrina 中的蝎子鱼的调查显示,这些物种在 P. meandrina 中出现的深度呈反向分布。Sebastapistes coniorta 几乎只出现在 5 到 10 米深的珊瑚群落中,而 S. galactacma 在所有调查深度都有发现,但在 S. coniorta 范围以下的较深珊瑚群落(15 到 20 米)中更为常见和丰富。此外,对寄主群落形态计量学的测量显示,这些物种似乎以微妙不同的方式利用微生境。体型较大的 S. coniorta 更常见于枝条间距较宽的 P. meandrina,而体型较小的 S. coniorta 则与较宽的枝条间距呈负相关。这些模式表明,S. coniorta 和 S. galactacma 在珊瑚礁和群落尺度上都有生境分区,这或许可以解释为什么这两个物种能够在夏威夷的珊瑚礁上共存。
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来源期刊
Coral Reefs
Coral Reefs 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
11.40%
发文量
111
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Coral Reefs, the Journal of the International Coral Reef Society, presents multidisciplinary literature across the broad fields of reef studies, publishing analytical and theoretical papers on both modern and ancient reefs. These encourage the search for theories about reef structure and dynamics, and the use of experimentation, modeling, quantification and the applied sciences. Coverage includes such subject areas as population dynamics; community ecology of reef organisms; energy and nutrient flows; biogeochemical cycles; physiology of calcification; reef responses to natural and anthropogenic influences; stress markers in reef organisms; behavioural ecology; sedimentology; diagenesis; reef structure and morphology; evolutionary ecology of the reef biota; palaeoceanography of coral reefs and coral islands; reef management and its underlying disciplines; molecular biology and genetics of coral; aetiology of disease in reef-related organisms; reef responses to global change, and more.
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