Evidence for spin droplets (ferrons) formation in the heavy fermion metal CeB$_6$ with dynamic charge stripes

A. N. Azarevich, O. N. Khrykina, N. B. Bolotina, V. G. Gridchina, A. V. Bogach, S. V. Demishev, V. N. Krasnorussky, S. Yu. Gavrilkin, A. Yu. Tsvetkov, N. Yu. Shitsevalova, V. V. Voronov, K. I. Kugel, A. L. Rakhmanov, S. Gabani, K. Flachbart, N. E. Sluchanko
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Abstract

The presented studies of resistivity (R), thermal conductivity (k) and specific heat (C) at low temperature 1.8-7 K in magnetic field up to 90 kOe made it possible to detect for the first time the exponential field dependences R(H), 1/k(H), $C(H) \sim \exp(-{\mu}_{\rm eff}H/kBT)$ of the charge transport and thermal characteristics in the so-called antiferroquadrupole (AFQ) phase of the archetypal heavy-fermion CeB$_6$ hexaboride. From magnetoresistance measurements it is shown that in the AFQ state the effective magnetic moment varies in the range ${\mu}_{\rm eff}(T) = 1.4$-1.9$\mu$B, and its value is very close to ${\mu}_{\rm eff}(\tau)(T) = 2{\mu}$B, derived from the field dependence of the relaxation time $|tau(H)$ observed in the heat capacity and thermal conductivity experiments. The phenomenological model proposed here allowed us to attribute the magnetic moments to spin droplets (ferrons), that appear in the bulk AFQ phase of CeB$_6$ crystals. The relevant electron phase separation at the nanoscale, manifested by dynamic charge stripes, that leads to the formation of ferrons, was revealed from the analysis of low-temperature X-ray diffraction experiments using the maximum entropy method. We argue that the Jahn-Teller collective mode of B$_6$ clusters is responsible for the charge stripe formation, which subsequently induces transverse quasi-local vibrations of Ce ions in the form of pairs and triples. These lead to 4f-5d spin fluctuations providing spin-polarons (ferrons) in the CeB$_6$ matrix.
具有动态电荷条纹的重费米子金属 CeB$_6$ 中形成自旋液滴(铁氧体)的证据
在低温 1.8-7 K 的磁场中的电阻率(R)、热导率(k)和比热(C)的研究首次发现了典型重铁素体 CeB$_6$ 六硼化物的所谓反铁素体四极(AFQ)相中电荷传输和热特性的指数场相关性 R(H)、1/k(H)、$C(H) \sim \exp(-{\mu}_{\rm eff}H/kBT)$ 。磁阻测量结果表明,在 AFQ 状态下,有效磁矩的变化范围为 ${\mu}_{\rm eff}(T) = 1.4$-1.9$\mu$B,其值非常接近于 ${\mu}_{\rm eff}(\tau)(T)=2{\mu}$B,该值是根据热容和热导实验中观察到的弛豫时间 $|tau(H)$ 的场依赖性推导出来的。这里提出的现象学模型允许我们将磁矩归因于自旋液滴(铁子),它们出现在 CeB$_6$ 晶体的 AFQ 体相中。利用最大熵方法对低温 X 射线衍射实验进行的分析揭示了纳米尺度上的相关电子相分离现象,这种分离表现为动态电荷条纹,它导致了铁氧体的形成。我们认为 B$_6$ 簇的 Jahn-Teller 集体模式是电荷条纹形成的原因,它随后诱发了成对和成三的 Ce 离子的横向准局部振动。这导致了 4f-5d 自旋波动,在 CeB$_6$ 矩阵中产生了自旋极子(铁子)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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