The nasal cavity of the bearded seal: An effective and robust organ for retaining body heat and water

IF 1.9 4区数学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of Theoretical Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111933

Hyejeong Lee Cheon , Nataliya Kizilova , Eirik G. Flekkøy , Matthew J. Mason , Lars P. Folkow , Signe Kjelstrup

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Abstract

We report the effects of varying physiological and other properties on the heat and water exchange in the maxilloturbinate structure (MT) of the bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus or Eb) in realistic environments, using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. We find that the water retention in percent is very high (about 90 %) and relatively unaffected by either cold (−30 °C) or warm (10 °C) conditions. The retention of heat is also high, around 80 % . Based on a consideration of entropy production by the maxilloturbinate system, we show that anatomical and physiological properties of the seal provide good conditions for heat and water exchange at the mucus lining in the seal’s nasal cavity. At normal values of tidal volume and maxilloturbinate (MT) length, the air temperature in the MT reaches the body temperature before the air has left the MT channels. This confers a safety factor which is expected to be helpful in exercise, when ventilation increases.

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胡须海豹的鼻腔：保持体温和水分的有效而坚固的器官。

我们利用计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，报告了在现实环境中，不同的生理特性和其他特性对须海豹（Erignathus barbatus 或 Eb）上颌窦结构（MT）中热量和水分交换的影响。我们发现，水的保留率非常高（约 90%），而且相对不受寒冷（-30 °C）或温暖（10 °C）条件的影响。热保留率也很高，约为 80%。基于对上腮腺系统产生的熵的考虑，我们表明海豹的解剖和生理特性为海豹鼻腔粘液衬里的热量和水分交换提供了良好的条件。在潮气量和最大扰流板（MT）长度达到正常值时，最大扰流板中的空气温度在空气离开最大扰流板通道之前就已达到体温。这就提供了一个安全系数，在运动时，当通气量增加时，这个安全系数会有所帮助。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Theoretical Biology 生物-生物学

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

5.00%

发文量

218

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Theoretical Biology is the leading forum for theoretical perspectives that give insight into biological processes. It covers a very wide range of topics and is of interest to biologists in many areas of research, including: • Brain and Neuroscience • Cancer Growth and Treatment • Cell Biology • Developmental Biology • Ecology • Evolution • Immunology, • Infectious and non-infectious Diseases, • Mathematical, Computational, Biophysical and Statistical Modeling • Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry • Networks and Complex Systems • Physiology • Pharmacodynamics • Animal Behavior and Game Theory Acceptable papers are those that bear significant importance on the biology per se being presented, and not on the mathematical analysis. Papers that include some data or experimental material bearing on theory will be considered, including those that contain comparative study, statistical data analysis, mathematical proof, computer simulations, experiments, field observations, or even philosophical arguments, which are all methods to support or reject theoretical ideas. However, there should be a concerted effort to make papers intelligible to biologists in the chosen field.