The nasal cavity of the bearded seal: An effective and robust organ for retaining body heat and water

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111933

Hyejeong Lee Cheon , Nataliya Kizilova , Eirik G. Flekkøy , Matthew J. Mason , Lars P. Folkow , Signe Kjelstrup

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Abstract

We report the effects of varying physiological and other properties on the heat and water exchange in the maxilloturbinate structure (MT) of the bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus or Eb) in realistic environments, using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. We find that the water retention in percent is very high (about 90 %) and relatively unaffected by either cold (−30 °C) or warm (10 °C) conditions. The retention of heat is also high, around 80 % . Based on a consideration of entropy production by the maxilloturbinate system, we show that anatomical and physiological properties of the seal provide good conditions for heat and water exchange at the mucus lining in the seal’s nasal cavity. At normal values of tidal volume and maxilloturbinate (MT) length, the air temperature in the MT reaches the body temperature before the air has left the MT channels. This confers a safety factor which is expected to be helpful in exercise, when ventilation increases.

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胡须海豹的鼻腔：保持体温和水分的有效而坚固的器官。

我们利用计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，报告了在现实环境中，不同的生理特性和其他特性对须海豹（Erignathus barbatus 或 Eb）上颌窦结构（MT）中热量和水分交换的影响。我们发现，水的保留率非常高（约 90%），而且相对不受寒冷（-30 °C）或温暖（10 °C）条件的影响。热保留率也很高，约为 80%。基于对上腮腺系统产生的熵的考虑，我们表明海豹的解剖和生理特性为海豹鼻腔粘液衬里的热量和水分交换提供了良好的条件。在潮气量和最大扰流板（MT）长度达到正常值时，最大扰流板中的空气温度在空气离开最大扰流板通道之前就已达到体温。这就提供了一个安全系数，在运动时，当通气量增加时，这个安全系数会有所帮助。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.