Delineation of deep-seated crustal structures from magnetic data in the southeastern part of the Niger Delta basin, Nigeria

IF 2 3区地球科学 Q3 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Earth Science Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI:10.3389/feart.2024.1439199

Ohara E. Eze, Anthony A. Okiwelu, Stephen E. Ekwok, Kamal Abdelrahman, Hassan Alzahrani, Ubong C. Ben, Amin Ibrahim, Chibuike Akpa, Peter Andráš, Samuel I. Ugar, Ahmed M. Eldosouky

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Abstract

Regional magnetic data in the southeastern segment of the Nigerian Niger Delta were evaluated with the aim of mapping deep-seated tectonic elements. Enhanced filtering operations and 3D forward modelling were applied on the magnetic data. These geologic features triggered the formation of rollover anticlines and faults that serve as structural traps in the study area. The filtered residual magnetic data revealed geologic structures characterized with NE - SW, N - S, and E - W orientations. The 3-D models detected the faulted crustal blocks, gradient zones, and intra-basement compositional magnetic variations. Furthermore, some prominent horst and graben structures as well as related normal faults characterized with distinct magnetic signatures were observed. Faults of base magnetic (of various compositions) were observed to be the fabricating mechanisms of the magnetic anomalies. Collectively, these structures influenced the patterns of magnetic anomalies with direct effects on the hydrocarbon trapping systems, as well as the pathways and accumulation zones for hydrothermal minerals. On the whole, the interpreted results revealed that the basement surface is rippling. Additionally, the depth result showed sedimentary thicknesses that ranged from 4–10 km. Again, the estimated crustal thickness varied from 14 to 19 km. This study has displayed the capabilities of the magnetic method in mapping the depth and configuration of basement rocks, which are crucial in controlling the formation of structural traps. Identifying these basement structures early helps in understanding the overall geological framework and potential hydrocarbon systems.

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根据尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲盆地东南部的磁性数据划分深层地壳结构

对尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲东南部的区域磁数据进行了评估，目的是绘制深层构造元素图。对磁性数据进行了增强过滤操作和三维前向建模。这些地质特征引发了作为研究区域构造陷阱的翻转反线和断层的形成。滤波后的残余磁性数据揭示了东北-西南、北-南和东-西走向的地质结构特征。三维模型探测到了断层地壳块、梯度带和地层内部的磁性成分变化。此外，还观测到一些突出的地角和地堑结构以及相关的正断层，其特征具有明显的磁特征。据观察，基磁断层（各种成分）是磁异常的形成机制。总体而言，这些结构影响了磁异常的模式，对碳氢化合物捕集系统以及热液矿物的路径和堆积区产生了直接影响。总体而言，解释结果显示基底表面呈波纹状。此外，深度结果显示沉积厚度在 4-10 千米之间。同样，估计的地壳厚度在 14 至 19 千米之间。这项研究显示了磁法在绘制基底岩石的深度和构造方面的能力，这对于控制构造陷阱的形成至关重要。及早确定这些基底结构有助于了解整体地质框架和潜在的油气系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Earth Science Earth and Planetary Sciences-General Earth and Planetary Sciences

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

10.30%

发文量

2076

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Earth Science is an open-access journal that aims to bring together and publish on a single platform the best research dedicated to our planet. This platform hosts the rapidly growing and continuously expanding domains in Earth Science, involving the lithosphere (including the geosciences spectrum), the hydrosphere (including marine geosciences and hydrology, complementing the existing Frontiers journal on Marine Science) and the atmosphere (including meteorology and climatology). As such, Frontiers in Earth Science focuses on the countless processes operating within and among the major spheres constituting our planet. In turn, the understanding of these processes provides the theoretical background to better use the available resources and to face the major environmental challenges (including earthquakes, tsunamis, eruptions, floods, landslides, climate changes, extreme meteorological events): this is where interdependent processes meet, requiring a holistic view to better live on and with our planet. The journal welcomes outstanding contributions in any domain of Earth Science. The open-access model developed by Frontiers offers a fast, efficient, timely and dynamic alternative to traditional publication formats. The journal has 20 specialty sections at the first tier, each acting as an independent journal with a full editorial board. The traditional peer-review process is adapted to guarantee fairness and efficiency using a thorough paperless process, with real-time author-reviewer-editor interactions, collaborative reviewer mandates to maximize quality, and reviewer disclosure after article acceptance. While maintaining a rigorous peer-review, this system allows for a process whereby accepted articles are published online on average 90 days after submission. General Commentary articles as well as Book Reviews in Frontiers in Earth Science are only accepted upon invitation.