A World Renowned Geoheritage from the Snowball Earth—The Bigganjarga Tillite (Northern Norway)

IF 2.3 2区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Geoheritage Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1007/s12371-024-01008-x

Morten Smelror, Terje Solbakk

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Abstract

The Bigganjarga Tillite on the Varanger Peninsula, northern Norway, was described by Hans H. Reusch in 1891 as one of the first evidence of a glaciation older than the Late Quaternary “real ice-age” in Europe. Since the late 1800s, considerable geoscientific research covering lithostratigraphy, sedimentology, paleontology and geochronology have been carried out in the Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic successions of East- Finnmark, and the Bigganjarga tillite (also referred to as the Reusch Moraine) is now recognized as a diamictite that correlates with global Marinoan glaciation in Cryogenian time. The Bigganjarga Tillite belongs to the Smalfjord Formation and marks the base of the Vestertana Group which rests on quartzite of the Veidnesbotn Formation with a significant unconformity. The site at Oaibáhčannjárga where Bigganjarga Tillite was first discovered became protected in 1967 and is today an international recognized Geoheritage from the Snowball Earth. New research studies are in progress at the site and the Bigganjarga Tillite is a prime example of how Geological Heritage is selected and recognized for its historic and potential future scientific values.

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来自雪球地球的世界闻名的地质遗产--比干亚尔加砾岩（挪威北部）

1891 年，汉斯-H-罗伊施（Hans H. Reusch）将挪威北部瓦朗日半岛的比甘加加砾岩描述为欧洲晚第四纪 "真正冰期 "之前冰川作用的最早证据之一。自 19 世纪末以来，在东芬马克的新元古代和早古生代地层中开展了大量的地质科学研究，包括岩石地层学、沉积学、古生物学和地质年代学，现在人们已认识到 Bigganjarga 沉积岩（也称作 Reusch 冰碛）是与冰期全球马里诺冰川作用相关的二迭岩层。Bigganjarga 沉积岩属于 Smalfjord 地层，是维斯特塔纳组的基底，维斯特塔纳组位于 Veidnesbotn 地层的石英岩上，两者之间存在明显的不整合。首次发现 Bigganjarga Tillite 的 Oaibáhčannjárga 遗址于 1967 年受到保护，如今已成为国际公认的雪球地球地质遗产。目前正在该遗址开展新的研究工作，而比甘加钙钛矿则是一个很好的例子，说明了地质遗产是如何因其历史价值和未来潜在的科学价值而得到选择和认可的。

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来源期刊

Geoheritage GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

34.50%

发文量

107

期刊介绍： The Geoheritage journal is an international journal dedicated to discussing all aspects of our global geoheritage, both in situ and portable. The journal will invite all contributions on the conservation of sites and materials - use, protection and practical heritage management - as well as its interpretation through education, training and tourism. The journal wishes to cover all aspects of geoheritage and its protection. Key topics are: - Identification, characterisation, quantification and management of geoheritage; - Geodiversity and geosites; - On-site science, geological and geomorphological research: - Global scientific heritage - key scientific geosites, GSSPs, stratotype conservation and management; - Scientific research and education, and the promotion of the geosciences thereby; - Conventions, statute and legal instruments, national and international; - Integration of biodiversity and geodiversity in nature conservation and land-use policies; - Geological heritage and Environmental Impact Assessment studies; - Geological heritage, sustainable development, community action, practical initiatives and tourism; - Geoparks: creation, management and outputs; - Conservation in the natural world, Man-made and natural impacts, climate change; - Geotourism definitions, methodologies, and case studies; - International mechanisms for conservation and popularisation - World Heritage Sites, National Parks etc.; - Materials, data and people important in the history of science, museums, collections and all portable geoheritage; - Education and training of geoheritage specialists; - Pedagogical use of geological heritage - publications, teaching media, trails, centres, on-site museums; - Linking the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005- 2014) with geoconservation.