Shape-induced Bose-Einstein Condensation

Abstract

Recent advancements in flat-bottomed optical box traps have enabled the realization of homogeneous Bose gases, allowing for the exploration of Bose-Einstein condensation in more complex confinement geometries. Here we propose a shape-induced Bose-Einstein condensation at fixed size, temperature, and density. We investigate the impact of quantum shape effects on a non-interacting Bose gas confined within nested square domains, where the shape parameter is defined and controlled by the rotation angle between the inner and outer squares. The size-invariant shape transformation significantly affects the condensate fraction and specific heat of the system. Our work opens new avenues for controlling quantum systems through geometric manipulation, providing insights into the thermodynamic properties of Bose gases under shape-induced quantum effects.