Differences between Two Maximal Principal Strain Rate Calculation Schemes in Traumatic Brain Analysis with in-vivo and in-silico Datasets

Xianghao Zhan, Zhou Zhou, Yuzhe Liu, Nicholas J. Cecchi, Marzieh Hajiahamemar, Michael M. Zeineh, Gerald A. Grant, David Camarillo, Svein Kleiven
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Abstract

Brain deformation caused by a head impact leads to traumatic brain injury (TBI). The maximum principal strain (MPS) was used to measure the extent of brain deformation and predict injury, and the recent evidence has indicated that incorporating the maximum principal strain rate (MPSR) and the product of MPS and MPSR, denoted as MPSxSR, enhances the accuracy of TBI prediction. However, ambiguities have arisen about the calculation of MPSR. Two schemes have been utilized: one (MPSR1) is to use the time derivative of MPS, and another (MPSR2) is to use the first eigenvalue of the strain rate tensor. Both MPSR1 and MPSR2 have been applied in previous studies to predict TBI. To quantify the discrepancies between these two methodologies, we conducted a comparison of these two MPSR methodologies across nine in-vivo and in-silico head impact datasets and found that 95MPSR1 was 5.87% larger than 95MPSR2, and 95MPSxSR1 was 2.55% larger than 95MPSxSR2. Across every element in all head impacts, MPSR1 was 8.28% smaller than MPSR2, and MPSxSR1 was 8.11% smaller than MPSxSR2. Furthermore, logistic regression models were trained to predict TBI based on the MPSR (or MPSxSR), and no significant difference was observed in the predictability across different variables. The consequence of misuse of MPSR and MPSxSR thresholds (i.e. compare threshold of 95MPSR1 with value from 95MPSR2 to determine if the impact is injurious) was investigated, and the resulting false rates were found to be around 1%. The evidence suggested that these two methodologies were not significantly different in detecting TBI.
利用体内和实验室数据集分析创伤性脑部时两种最大主应变率计算方案的差异
头部撞击造成的脑变形会导致创伤性脑损伤(TBI)。最大主应变(MPS)被用来测量脑变形的程度和预测损伤,最近的证据表明,将最大主应变率(MPSR)以及 MPS 和 MPSR 的乘积(表示为 MPSxSR)结合起来可提高 TBI 预测的准确性。目前有两种方法:一种(MPSR1)是使用 MPS 的时间导数,另一种(MPSR2)是使用应变速率张量的第一个特征值。在以往的研究中,MPSR1 和 MPSR2 都被用于预测创伤性脑损伤。为了量化这两种方法之间的差异,我们在九个活体和模拟头部撞击数据集中对这两种 MPSR 方法进行了比较,发现 95MPSR1 比 95MPSR2 大 5.87%,95MPSxSR1 比 95MPSxSR2 大 2.55%。在所有头部撞击的每个要素中,MPSR1 比 MPSR2 小 8.28%,MPSxSR1 比 MPSxSR2 小 8.11%。此外,还根据 MPSR(或 MPSxSR)训练了逻辑回归模型来预测 TBI,结果发现不同变量的预测能力没有显著差异。对误用 MPSR 和 MPSxSR 临界值(即比较 95MPSR1 临界值和 95MPSR2 临界值以确定撞击是否具有伤害性)的后果进行了调查,结果发现误差率约为 1%。证据表明,这两种方法在检测创伤性脑损伤方面没有明显差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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