Flexible green synthesis of 2-benzyl-3‑hydroxy-1H-pyrazolo([1,2-b]phthalazine and [1,2-a]pyridazine)‑dione derivatives using CuI@KSF nanocatalyst under solvent-free conditions

Abstract

In the frame of research that examines the use of task CuI@KSF nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst, new 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine-5,10‑dione (HPPhD) and 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-5,8‑dione (HPPyD) derivatives were prepared. Using the four-multicomponent condensation reaction (4MCRs) of phthalic anhydride, hydrazine monohydrate, aromatic aldehydes, and ethyl 3-oxo-3-phenylpropanoate under solvent free conditions at 80 °C. This method has several advantages, including, operational, simplicity, mild conditions, and maximum product yield. To monitor the progress of the reactions, new organic salty catalysts were used. New catalysts are cheap, benign, recyclable, and environmentally friendly. In addition, they are easy to prepare and use. They also showed good catalytic activity, which in conclusion led to the synthesis of new phthalazine derivatives with good to excellent yields. The new catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To check the possible effect of these compounds in anticancer therapy, two types of proteins were selected and examined through docking calculations. In the case of 1DHT as an oxidoreductase enzyme compound 7e with the score of amount -8.99 represent the highest tendency toward interaction with the desired enzyme, while in the case of 6LQA by the dominance hydrophobic character, compound 7c seems likely to be more efficient.