{"title":"Notch sensitivity analysis of a 2205 duplex stainless steel in a gaseous hydrogen environment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tafmec.2024.104655","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Austenitic stainless steels are typically used in hydrogen environments due to their resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, though their mechanical strength is only medium to low. To explore the use of high-strength materials, their susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement must be studied. Duplex stainless steels, featuring both austenitic and ferritic phases, are among the promising candidates due to their enhanced mechanical properties. They exhibit good mechanical properties but, due to the presence of the ferritic phase, they are sensitive in hydrogen environment. In this study, the notch sensitivity of 2205 duplex is analyzed, both in air and hydrogen environment (at a pressure of 140 bar). Three different specimens are designed with different notch radii, varying the stress concentration factor from K<sub>t</sub> = 2 to K<sub>t</sub> = 6. A numerical simulation has been carried out in order to calculate the stress and deformation conditions for each configuration and the failure mechanisms have been analyzed for all the cases, establishing the behavior of this material against different types of notches in air and in a hydrogen environment. Moreover, a coupled diffusion-deformation model has been developed using Comsol finite element software. The model is focused on hydrogen transport and incorporates lattice hydrogen diffusion and a stress-assisted diffusion term to account for the influence of mechanical stress on the diffusion process. The results show a high notch sensitivity of this material in the tensile strength embrittlement index, as a consequence of the high hydrogen susceptibility of the ferritic phase enhanced by the high stress–strain states at the notch tip.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":22879,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167844224004051/pdfft?md5=dc23f7bec7db0ca027016187175cbf9f&pid=1-s2.0-S0167844224004051-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167844224004051","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Austenitic stainless steels are typically used in hydrogen environments due to their resistance to hydrogen embrittlement, though their mechanical strength is only medium to low. To explore the use of high-strength materials, their susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement must be studied. Duplex stainless steels, featuring both austenitic and ferritic phases, are among the promising candidates due to their enhanced mechanical properties. They exhibit good mechanical properties but, due to the presence of the ferritic phase, they are sensitive in hydrogen environment. In this study, the notch sensitivity of 2205 duplex is analyzed, both in air and hydrogen environment (at a pressure of 140 bar). Three different specimens are designed with different notch radii, varying the stress concentration factor from Kt = 2 to Kt = 6. A numerical simulation has been carried out in order to calculate the stress and deformation conditions for each configuration and the failure mechanisms have been analyzed for all the cases, establishing the behavior of this material against different types of notches in air and in a hydrogen environment. Moreover, a coupled diffusion-deformation model has been developed using Comsol finite element software. The model is focused on hydrogen transport and incorporates lattice hydrogen diffusion and a stress-assisted diffusion term to account for the influence of mechanical stress on the diffusion process. The results show a high notch sensitivity of this material in the tensile strength embrittlement index, as a consequence of the high hydrogen susceptibility of the ferritic phase enhanced by the high stress–strain states at the notch tip.
期刊介绍：
Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics'' aims & scopes have been re-designed to cover both the theoretical, applied, and numerical aspects associated with those cracking related phenomena taking place, at a micro-, meso-, and macroscopic level, in materials/components/structures of any kind.
The journal aims to cover the cracking/mechanical behaviour of materials/components/structures in those situations involving both time-independent and time-dependent system of external forces/moments (such as, for instance, quasi-static, impulsive, impact, blasting, creep, contact, and fatigue loading). Since, under the above circumstances, the mechanical behaviour of cracked materials/components/structures is also affected by the environmental conditions, the journal would consider also those theoretical/experimental research works investigating the effect of external variables such as, for instance, the effect of corrosive environments as well as of high/low-temperature.
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