Morphometry of the Mt Manengouba volcano: Insights into tephrostratigraphy of Eboga maars (South West Cameroon)

IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Amad Samir Mounpen Njiemessa , Moussa Nsangou Ngapna , Monespérance Germain Marie Mboudou , Moïse Christian Balla Ateba , Pascal Landry Wabo Defo , Dieudonné Youmen , Sébastien Owona
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Abstract

The GIS-based geomorphological and morphometric approaches were combined with field- and tephrostratigraphic analyses to reconstruct the history of the Mt Manengouba volcano including the Eboga maars in the southwestern part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL). The elevation, slope, relative relief, topographic position and terrain ruggedness indexes from the Digital Elevation Model (DEM, 12.5 m) were determined to constrain two main geomorphic units corresponding to the Elengoum and Eboga nested stratovolcanoes which were affected by differential erosional processes. The studied grain size, shape, vesicularity, structure, degree of lithification, sorting, thickness, grading patterns, sedimentary features, spatial distribution revealed three tephrostratigraphic units: U1 (U1-1, lithic and juvenile; U1-2 dominantly juvenile), U2 (U2-1 ash- and juvenile rich-deposits; U2-2, juvenile-scoria with few lithic) and U3 (scoria cone deposits). The total volume of ∼0.199 km3 of tephra deposits ranges the Eboga maars volcanoes within the small-volume monogenetic types. These results revealed dry/wet phreatomagmatism and strombolian activity as a contribution to the seven phases-eruptive history of the Mt Manengouba volcano: the pre-Manengouba; emplacement of Elengoum stratovolcano; collapse of Elengoum summit and formation of Elengoum caldera; emplacement of Eboga stratovolcano; the collapse of Eboga summit and formation of Eboga caldera; a phreatomagmatic phase and emplacement of Female and Male maars ending with an explosive stage associated with the formation of scoria and parasitic cones.

Manengouba 火山的形态测量:对埃博加火山口(喀麦隆西南部)表层构造的启示
基于地理信息系统(GIS)的地貌学和形态计量学方法与实地和表层分析相结合,重建了喀麦隆火山线(CVL)西南部马嫩古巴火山(包括埃博加火山口)的历史。通过数字高程模型(DEM,12.5 米)确定了高程、坡度、相对地形、地形位置和地形崎岖指数,从而确定了两个主要地貌单元,分别对应于受到不同侵蚀过程影响的埃伦古姆和埃博加嵌套地层火山。研究的粒度、形状、泡状、结构、岩化程度、分选、厚度、分级模式、沉积特征、空间分布揭示了三个表层地层单元:U1(U1-1,石质和稚石;U1-2 以稚石为主)、U2(U2-1 灰质和稚石丰富的沉积;U2-2,稚石-焦岩,少量石质)和 U3(焦岩锥沉积)。总体积为 0.199 平方公里的埃博加火成岩沉积物属于小体积单源类型。这些结果表明,干/湿喷火和血栓活动是马嫩古巴火山七期喷发历史的组成部分:前马嫩古巴火山;埃伦古姆地层火山的喷发;埃伦古姆山顶的坍塌和埃伦古姆火山口的形成;埃博加地层火山的喷发;埃博加山顶的坍塌和埃博加火山口的形成;喷火阶段以及雌火山和雄火山的喷发,最后是与火山渣和寄生锥的形成有关的爆炸阶段。
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来源期刊
Journal of African Earth Sciences
Journal of African Earth Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
4.30%
发文量
240
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of African Earth Sciences sees itself as the prime geological journal for all aspects of the Earth Sciences about the African plate. Papers dealing with peripheral areas are welcome if they demonstrate a tight link with Africa. The Journal publishes high quality, peer-reviewed scientific papers. It is devoted primarily to research papers but short communications relating to new developments of broad interest, reviews and book reviews will also be considered. Papers must have international appeal and should present work of more regional than local significance and dealing with well identified and justified scientific questions. Specialised technical papers, analytical or exploration reports must be avoided. Papers on applied geology should preferably be linked to such core disciplines and must be addressed to a more general geoscientific audience.
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