The herbicidal activity of pre-emergence herbicide cinmethylin and its potential risks on soil ecology: pH, enzyme activities and bacterial community.

IF 6.2 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Haiyan Yu, Hailan Cui, Jingchao Chen, Xiangju Li
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Abstract

Background: The herbicide cinmethylin, which was originally registered for use in rice fields, has the potential to control grass weeds in wheat fields before the emergence of wheat. However, its herbicidal activity against various troublesome grass weeds that infest wheat fields in China and its relationships with soil pH, soil enzymes and soil bacteria are not well known. Here, the effects of applying cinmethylin on the soil surface were tested on six grass weeds, and its impacts on soil characteristics, including the soil pH, soil enzymes and bacterial community, were evaluated.

Results: Alopecurus aequalis, A. japonicus and A. myosuroides were highly sensitive to cinmethylin, with GR50 values of 78.77, 61.49 and 119.67 g a.i. ha- 1, respectively. The half-lives of cinmethylin at 1-, 10- and 100-fold the recommended rates were estimated at 26.46 - 52.33 d. Cinmethylin significantly increased the soil pH but decreased the activities of soil sucrase and urease. At 10- and 100-fold the recommended rate of cinmethylin, the bacterial abundance and diversity significantly decreased at 30 and 60 days after cinmethylin treatment. Cinmethylin at 100-fold the recommended rates largely promoted bacterial co-occurrence network complexity. Cinmethylin at high concentrations temporarily inhibited the abundance of the Nitrospira genus, as indicated by the copy numbers of the ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA) amoA and ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB) amoA genes. Further analysis revealed that soil pH was negatively related to soil urease, and a significantly positive correlation was detected between soil urease and soil nitrification.

Conclusion: Collectively, the application of cinmethylin at the recommended field dose had nearly no effect on the soil ecosystem, but its potential risks at high concentrations deserve further attention.

萌芽前除草剂嗪草酮的除草活性及其对土壤生态的潜在风险:pH 值、酶活性和细菌群落。
背景:除草剂嗪草酮原登记用于水稻田,具有在小麦出苗前控制麦田禾本科杂草的潜力。然而,该除草剂对中国小麦田中各种棘手禾本科杂草的除草活性及其与土壤 pH 值、土壤酶和土壤细菌的关系尚不十分清楚。在此,我们测试了在土壤表面施用嗪草酮对六种禾本科杂草的效果,并评估了其对土壤特性(包括土壤 pH 值、土壤酶和细菌群落)的影响:结果:禾本科杂草(Alopecurus aequalis)、日本禾本科杂草(A. japonicus)和麝香禾本科杂草(A. myosuroides)对嗪草酮高度敏感,其 GR50 值分别为 78.77、61.49 和 119.67 g a.i. ha-1。在 1 倍、10 倍和 100 倍推荐剂量下,嗪草酮的半衰期估计为 26.46 - 52.33 d。嗪草酮可显著提高土壤 pH 值,但会降低土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶的活性。在使用 10 倍和 100 倍的嗪草酮的情况下,嗪草酮处理后 30 天和 60 天,细菌的丰度和多样性明显降低。建议浓度为 100 倍的茵甲灵在很大程度上促进了细菌共生网络的复杂性。从氨氧化古细菌(AOA)amoA 和氨氧化细菌(AOB)amoA 基因的拷贝数可以看出,高浓度的氨甲素暂时抑制了硝化螺菌属的数量。进一步分析表明,土壤 pH 值与土壤尿素酶呈负相关,土壤尿素酶与土壤硝化之间呈显著正相关:总之,按照田间推荐剂量施用嗪草酮对土壤生态系统几乎没有影响,但高浓度施用嗪草酮的潜在风险值得进一步关注。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Environmental Microbiome
Environmental Microbiome Immunology and Microbiology-Microbiology
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
2.50%
发文量
55
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Microorganisms, omnipresent across Earth's diverse environments, play a crucial role in adapting to external changes, influencing Earth's systems and cycles, and contributing significantly to agricultural practices. Through applied microbiology, they offer solutions to various everyday needs. Environmental Microbiome recognizes the universal presence and significance of microorganisms, inviting submissions that explore the diverse facets of environmental and applied microbiological research.
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