An energy efficient routing establishment (EERE) mechanism for MANET-IoT security

Abstract

Providing security to the Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most challenging and demanding tasks in improving the security of the network by detecting trust nodes in the path. High energy consumption, loss of data packets, and routing overheads are unsolvable issues in the existing security-aware routing methodologies. Energy Efficient Routing Establishment (EERE) scheme invokes hybrid whale positions integrated with the Flower Pollination Algorithm (WP-FPA) for optimal path allocation by calculating the energy level of nodes in the network. In addition, to ensure the security of the network, a trust evaluation factor has been performed to estimate the trust value for each participating node on the network by Aggregated Packet Control Trust Protocol (APCTP) . Security is improved by mitigating nodes in the path that are identified and it is eliminated by the trust evaluation factor and the node's neighboring information. The performance of the proposed security-based routing mechanisms is compared with metrics such as average residual energy, packet delivery ratio (PDR), packet delay, and network lifetime. The proposed EERE-APCTP mechanisms improve residual energy to 80% in stipulated node mobility. The packet delivery ratio is improved to 99% and network lifetime is increased to 265 milliseconds. Routing overhead is reduced to 0.6%.

Index Terms— Whale Positions Integrated Flower Pollination Algorithm (WP-FPA), Mobile Ad-hoc security, Energy Efficient Routing Establishment (EERE), Trust Evaluation, MANET security, pollination optimization, Neighbor node feedback behavior.