Measurement of respiratory function: gas exchange and its clinical applications

IF 0.2 Q4 ANESTHESIOLOGY
Salahuddin M. Qureshi, Rehan Mustafa
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Gas exchange is the main function of the lungs. Lungs have a large reserve for gas exchange. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse along their partial pressure gradient across the alveolar–capillary membrane. Alveolar ventilation and pulmonary circulation are closely matched to provide efficient gas exchange in the lungs. Hypoxaemia often results from mismatch in ventilation–perfusion. Gas exchange can be impaired in various disease states. Measurement of the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) provides estimation of the gas exchange function. A low DLCO indicates an impairment of oxygen transfer across the alveolar–capillary membrane. Based on the lung function tests one can assess the risks of perioperative pulmonary complications. Anaesthesia and surgery adversely affect pulmonary function, many of which adverse effects can be prevented.

呼吸功能测量:气体交换及其临床应用
气体交换是肺的主要功能。肺有大量的气体交换储备。氧气和二氧化碳沿着其分压梯度在肺泡-毛细血管膜上扩散。肺泡通气和肺循环密切配合,为肺部提供高效的气体交换。低氧血症通常是由于通气-灌注不匹配造成的。在各种疾病状态下,气体交换都会受到影响。测量一氧化碳的弥散能力(DLCO)可估测气体交换功能。一氧化碳弥散容量低表明氧气通过肺泡-毛细血管膜的传输功能受损。根据肺功能检测结果,可以评估围术期肺部并发症的风险。麻醉和手术会对肺功能造成不良影响,其中许多不良影响是可以预防的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
152
期刊介绍: Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, an invaluable source of up-to-date information, with the curriculum of both the Primary and Final FRCA examinations covered over a three-year cycle. Published monthly this ever-updating text book will be an invaluable source for both trainee and experienced anaesthetists. The enthusiastic editorial board, under the guidance of two eminent and experienced series editors, ensures Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine covers all the key topics in a comprehensive and authoritative manner. Articles now include learning objectives and eash issue features MCQs, facilitating self-directed learning and enabling readers at all levels to test their knowledge. Each issue is divided between basic scientific and clinical sections. The basic science articles include anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, physics and clinical measurement, while the clinical sections cover anaesthetic agents and techniques, assessment and perioperative management. Further sections cover audit, trials, statistics, ethical and legal medicine, and the management of acute and chronic pain.
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