The genetic code and its p-adic ultrametric modeling

Abstract

The genetic code plays a central role in all living organisms and its modeling is important for describing and understanding involved the coding rules. There are many approaches to modeling various aspects of the genetic code. One of the simple and successful mathematical tools for modeling the similarity both between codons and between amino acids, is the ultrametrics and especially the $p$-adic distance. This article contains an overview of ultrametric ($p$-adic) modeling of genetic information, and its translation to proteins using the genetic code.