Role of CRISPR-Cas systems in periodontal disease pathogenesis and potential for periodontal therapy: A review.

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Molecular Oral Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1111/omi.12483

Aditi Chopra, Geeta Bhuvanagiri, Kshitija Natu, Avneesh Chopra

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are DNA sequences capable of editing a host genome sequence. CRISPR and its specific CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein complexes have been adapted for various applications. These include activating or inhibiting specific genetic sequences or acting as molecular scissors to cut and modify the host DNA precisely. CRISPR-Cas systems are also naturally present in many oral bacteria, where they aid in nutrition, biofilm formation, inter- and intraspecies communication (quorum sensing), horizontal gene transfer, virulence, inflammation modulation, coinfection, and immune response evasion. It even functions as an adaptive immune system, defending microbes against invading viruses and foreign genetic elements from other bacteria by targeting and degrading their DNA. Recently, CRISPR-Cas systems have been tested as molecular editing tools to manipulate specific genes linked with periodontal disease (such as periodontitis) and as novel methods of delivering antimicrobial agents to overcome antimicrobial resistance. With the rapidly increasing role of CRISPR in treating inflammatory diseases, its application in periodontal disease is also becoming popular. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the different types of CRISPR-Cas in oral microbes and their role in periodontal disease pathogenesis and precision periodontal therapy.

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CRISPR-Cas 系统在牙周病发病机制中的作用以及牙周治疗的潜力：综述。

成簇的规则间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPRs）是一种能够编辑宿主基因组序列的 DNA 序列。CRISPR 及其特定的 CRISPR 相关（Cas）蛋白复合物已被用于各种应用。这些应用包括激活或抑制特定基因序列，或作为分子剪刀精确剪切和修改宿主 DNA。CRISPR-Cas 系统也天然存在于许多口腔细菌中，它们有助于营养、生物膜形成、种间和种内交流（法定人数感应）、水平基因转移、毒力、炎症调节、合并感染和免疫反应规避。它甚至还能发挥适应性免疫系统的功能，通过靶向和降解微生物的 DNA 来抵御入侵病毒和其他细菌的外来遗传因子。最近，CRISPR-Cas 系统已作为分子编辑工具进行了测试，以操纵与牙周疾病（如牙周炎）相关的特定基因，并作为输送抗菌剂以克服抗菌剂耐药性的新方法。随着CRISPR在治疗炎症性疾病方面的作用迅速增强，它在牙周病方面的应用也越来越受欢迎。因此，本综述旨在讨论口腔微生物中不同类型的CRISPR-Cas及其在牙周病发病机制和牙周病精准治疗中的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Oral Microbiology DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

5.40%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Molecular Oral Microbiology publishes high quality research papers and reviews on fundamental or applied molecular studies of microorganisms of the oral cavity and respiratory tract, host-microbe interactions, cellular microbiology, molecular ecology, and immunological studies of oral and respiratory tract infections. Papers describing work in virology, or in immunology unrelated to microbial colonization or infection, will not be acceptable. Studies of the prevalence of organisms or of antimicrobials agents also are not within the scope of the journal. The journal does not publish Short Communications or Letters to the Editor. Molecular Oral Microbiology is published bimonthly.