Investigational new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis.

IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Shyam Sundar, Vishal Kumar Singh, Neha Agrawal, Om Prakash Singh, Rajiv Kumar
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Over the past 20 years, significant progress has been made in anti-leishmanial therapy. Three new drugs/formulations are available for the treatment of various forms of leishmaniasis, namely oral miltefosine, paromomycin and liposomal amphotericin B. However, these advances in drug development have added considerable complexity for clinicians including toxicity, emergence of resistance and decreased sensitivity of available drugs. The development of newer drugs with less toxicity and more efficacy is urgently needed.

Areas covered: This review comprehensively examines the latest developments and current status of antileishmanial drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis across the world. Several new investigational drugs that showed anti-leishmanial activity under in vitro or in vivo conditions and either underwent the phase-I/II clinical trials or are on the verge of entering the trials were reviewed. We also delve into the challenges of drug resistance and discuss the emergence of new and effective antileishmanial compounds.

Expert opinion: The available treatments for leishmaniasis are limited in number, toxic, expensive, and demand extensive healthcare resources. Every available antileishmanial drug is associated with several disadvantages, such as drug resistance and toxicity or high cost. Miltefosine is potentially teratogenic. New antileishmanial drugs/treatment modalities are sorely needed for expanding future treatment options.

研究治疗利什曼病的新药。
导言:过去 20 年来,抗利什曼病疗法取得了重大进展。目前有三种新药/制剂可用于治疗各种形式的利什曼病,即口服米替福新、巴龙霉素和脂质体两性霉素 B。然而,这些药物研发方面的进展给临床医生增加了相当大的复杂性,包括毒性、耐药性的出现和现有药物敏感性的降低。目前迫切需要开发毒性更小、疗效更好的新型药物:本综述全面探讨了全球治疗利什曼病的抗利什曼病药物的最新发展和现状。综述了在体外或体内条件下显示出抗利什曼病活性的几种新研究药物,这些药物或已进行了I/II期临床试验,或即将进入临床试验阶段。我们还深入探讨了耐药性所带来的挑战,并讨论了新出现的有效抗利什曼病化合物:利什曼病的现有治疗方法数量有限、毒性大、价格昂贵,而且需要大量的医疗资源。现有的每种抗利什曼病药物都有一些缺点,如耐药性、毒性或昂贵。米替福新可能会致畸。我们亟需新的抗利什曼病药物/治疗方法来扩大未来的治疗选择。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
71
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs (ISSN 1354-3784 [print], 1744-7658 [electronic]) is a MEDLINE-indexed, peer-reviewed, international journal publishing review articles and original papers on drugs in preclinical and early stage clinical development, providing expert opinion on the scope for future development. The Editors welcome: Reviews covering preclinical through to Phase II data on drugs or drug classes for specific indications, and their potential impact on future treatment strategies Drug Evaluations reviewing the clinical and pharmacological data on a particular drug Original Research papers reporting the results of clinical investigations on agents that are in Phase I and II clinical trials The audience consists of scientists, managers and decision-makers in the pharmaceutical industry, and others closely involved in R&D.
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