Social Behaviors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Test Positivity Among Children Evaluated in Canadian Emergency Departments, 2020 to 2022: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.
Madeleine Sumner, Gillian A M Tarr, Jianling Xie, Ahmed Mater, Kathleen Winston, Jocelyn Gravel, Naveen Poonai, Brett Burstein, Simon Berthelot, Roger Zemek, Robert Porter, Bruce Wright, April Kam, Jason Emsley, Vikram Sabhaney, Darcy Beer, Gabrielle Freire, Anne Moffatt, Stephen B Freedman
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate how social behaviors relate to SARS-CoV-2 test positivity across pediatric age groups.
Methods: Multicenter, cross-sectional study recruiting children <18 years old tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection in emergency departments between 2020 and 2022. We used multivariate logistic regression to assess how self-reported social behaviors affect SARS-CoV-2 test positivity across four age groups. Causal mediation analysis quantified how mask-wearing and presence of an infected close contact mediated the SARS-CoV-2 risk of given behaviors.
Results: Seven thousand two hundred and seventy two children were enrolled and 1457 (20.0%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Attending a social gathering was associated with increased odds (aOR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.57) of SARS-CoV-2 positivity among children aged 5-<12 years. Those attending in-person school/daycare were less likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 across all age categories. Attending childcare was associated with 16.3% (95% CI: -21.0%, -11.2%) and 9.0% (95% CI: -11.6%, -6.5%) reductions in the probability of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection, with 53.5% (95% CI: 39.2%, 73.9%) and 22.8% (95% CI: 9.7%, 36.2%) of the effects being mediated by the presence of a close contact among <1 year and 1-<5 year age groups, respectively. Masking in public mediated the association between childcare attendance and SARS-CoV-2 positivity in children aged <1 year.
Conclusions: Attending social gatherings increased the risk of SARS-CoV-2 test positivity in 5-<12-year-old children, but in-person daycare/school was associated with a reduced odds of testing positive across all ages. Settings with high public health adherence (ie, schools) reduced the risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, possibly from reduced close contact with SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals.
期刊介绍：
Academic Pediatrics, the official journal of the Academic Pediatric Association, is a peer-reviewed publication whose purpose is to strengthen the research and educational base of academic general pediatrics. The journal provides leadership in pediatric education, research, patient care and advocacy. Content areas include pediatric education, emergency medicine, injury, abuse, behavioral pediatrics, holistic medicine, child health services and health policy,and the environment. The journal provides an active forum for the presentation of pediatric educational research in diverse settings, involving medical students, residents, fellows, and practicing professionals. The journal also emphasizes important research relating to the quality of child health care, health care policy, and the organization of child health services. It also includes systematic reviews of primary care interventions and important methodologic papers to aid research in child health and education.
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