Studying protein–protein interactions: Latest and most popular approaches

Abstract

PPIs, or protein–protein interactions, are essential for many biological processes. According to the findings, abnormal PPIs have been linked to several diseases, such as cancer and infectious and neurological disorders. Consequently, focusing on PPIs is a path toward disease treatment and a crucial tool for producing novel medications. Many methods exist to investigate PPIs, including low- and high-throughput studies. Since many PPIs have been discovered using in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches, the use of computational methods to predict PPIs has grown due to the expanding scale of PPI data and the intrinsic complexity of interacting mechanisms. Recognizing PPI networks offers a systematic means of predicting protein functions, and pathways that are included. These investigations can help uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms of complex phenotypes and clarify the biological processes related to health and diseases. Therefore, our goal in this study is to provide an overview of the latest and most popular approaches for investigating PPIs. We also overview some important clinical approaches based on the PPIs and how these interactions can be targeted.