Ketamine – An Imperfect Wonder Drug?

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

Biochemical pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116516

Tanner Magruder , Marielle Isenhart , Maximillian V. Striepe , Andrew Mannisto , Karry M. Jannie , Jolene Smith , Kenneth E. McCarson , Daniel T. Christian , Vanja Duric

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Abstract

Ketamine is a potent sedative and dissociative anesthetic agent that has been used clinically for over 50 years since it was first developed in the 1960 s as an alternative to phencyclidine (PCP). When compared to PCP, ketamine exhibited a much lower incidence of severe side effects, including hallucinations, leading to its increased popularity in clinical practice. Ketamine was initially used as an anesthetic agent, especially in emergency medicine and in surgical procedures where rapid induction and recovery was necessary. However, over the last few decades, ketamine was found to have additional clinically useful properties making it effective in the treatment of a variety of other conditions. Presently, ketamine has a wide range of clinical uses beyond anesthesia including management of acute and chronic pain, as well as treatment of psychiatric disorders such as major depression. In addition to various clinical uses, ketamine is also recognized as a common drug of abuse sought for its hallucinogenic and sedative effects. This review focuses on exploring the different clinical and non-clinical uses of ketamine and its overall impact on patient care.

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氯胺酮--一种不完美的神奇药物？

氯胺酮是一种强效镇静和解离麻醉剂，自 20 世纪 60 年代作为苯环利定（五氯苯酚）的替代品被首次开发以来，已在临床上使用了 50 多年。与五氯苯酚相比，氯胺酮出现幻觉等严重副作用的几率要低得多，因此在临床上越来越受欢迎。氯胺酮最初被用作麻醉剂，尤其是在急诊和需要快速诱导和恢复的外科手术中。然而，在过去的几十年里，氯胺酮被发现具有更多临床有用的特性，使其在治疗其他各种疾病时也很有效。目前，氯胺酮在麻醉之外还有广泛的临床用途，包括治疗急性和慢性疼痛，以及治疗重度抑郁症等精神疾病。除了各种临床用途外，氯胺酮还因其致幻和镇静作用而被视为一种常见的滥用药物。本综述重点探讨氯胺酮的不同临床和非临床用途及其对病人护理的总体影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biochemical pharmacology 医学-药学

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

1.70%

发文量

420

审稿时长

17 days

期刊介绍： Biochemical Pharmacology publishes original research findings, Commentaries and review articles related to the elucidation of cellular and tissue function(s) at the biochemical and molecular levels, the modification of cellular phenotype(s) by genetic, transcriptional/translational or drug/compound-induced modifications, as well as the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of xenobiotics and drugs, the latter including both small molecules and biologics. The journal''s target audience includes scientists engaged in the identification and study of the mechanisms of action of xenobiotics, biologics and drugs and in the drug discovery and development process. All areas of cellular biology and cellular, tissue/organ and whole animal pharmacology fall within the scope of the journal. Drug classes covered include anti-infectives, anti-inflammatory agents, chemotherapeutics, cardiovascular, endocrinological, immunological, metabolic, neurological and psychiatric drugs, as well as research on drug metabolism and kinetics. While medicinal chemistry is a topic of complimentary interest, manuscripts in this area must contain sufficient biological data to characterize pharmacologically the compounds reported. Submissions describing work focused predominately on chemical synthesis and molecular modeling will not be considered for review. While particular emphasis is placed on reporting the results of molecular and biochemical studies, research involving the use of tissue and animal models of human pathophysiology and toxicology is of interest to the extent that it helps define drug mechanisms of action, safety and efficacy.