Writers, readers, and erasers RNA modifications and drug resistance in cancer

IF 27.7 1区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Molecular Cancer Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1186/s12943-024-02089-6

Di Chen, Xinyu Gu, Yeltai Nurzat, Lixia Xu, Xueyuan Li, Lixin Wu, Henan Jiao, Peng Gao, Xuqiang Zhu, Dongming Yan, Shaohua Li, Chen Xue

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Drug resistance in cancer cells significantly diminishes treatment efficacy, leading to recurrence and metastasis. A critical factor contributing to this resistance is the epigenetic alteration of gene expression via RNA modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), 7-methylguanosine (m7G), pseudouridine (Ψ), and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing. These modifications are pivotal in regulating RNA splicing, translation, transport, degradation, and stability. Governed by “writers,” “readers,” and “erasers,” RNA modifications impact numerous biological processes and cancer progression, including cell proliferation, stemness, autophagy, invasion, and apoptosis. Aberrant RNA modifications can lead to drug resistance and adverse outcomes in various cancers. Thus, targeting RNA modification regulators offers a promising strategy for overcoming drug resistance and enhancing treatment efficacy. This review consolidates recent research on the role of prevalent RNA modifications in cancer drug resistance, with a focus on m6A, m1A, m5C, m7G, Ψ, and A-to-I editing. Additionally, it examines the regulatory mechanisms of RNA modifications linked to drug resistance in cancer and underscores the existing limitations in this field.

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作家、读者和橡皮擦癌症中的 RNA 修饰和耐药性

癌细胞的耐药性会大大降低治疗效果，导致复发和转移。导致耐药性的一个关键因素是通过 RNA 修饰（如 N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）、N1-甲基腺苷（m1A）、5-甲基胞嘧啶（m5C）、7-甲基鸟苷（m7G）、假尿苷（Ψ）和腺苷-肌苷（A-I）编辑）对基因表达进行表观遗传学改变。这些修饰在调节 RNA 剪接、翻译、运输、降解和稳定性方面起着关键作用。在 "书写者"、"阅读者 "和 "擦除者 "的控制下，RNA修饰影响着许多生物过程和癌症进展，包括细胞增殖、干性、自噬、侵袭和凋亡。异常的 RNA 修饰可导致各种癌症的耐药性和不良后果。因此，靶向 RNA 修饰调节因子为克服耐药性和提高疗效提供了一种前景广阔的策略。这篇综述综述了近期关于常见 RNA 修饰在癌症耐药性中的作用的研究，重点关注 m6A、m1A、m5C、m7G、Ψ 和 A 到 I 编辑。此外，它还探讨了与癌症耐药性相关的 RNA 修饰的调控机制，并强调了该领域现有的局限性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Cancer 医学-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

54.90

自引率

2.70%

发文量

224

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Cancer is a platform that encourages the exchange of ideas and discoveries in the field of cancer research, particularly focusing on the molecular aspects. Our goal is to facilitate discussions and provide insights into various areas of cancer and related biomedical science. We welcome articles from basic, translational, and clinical research that contribute to the advancement of understanding, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. The scope of topics covered in Molecular Cancer is diverse and inclusive. These include, but are not limited to, cell and tumor biology, angiogenesis, utilizing animal models, understanding metastasis, exploring cancer antigens and the immune response, investigating cellular signaling and molecular biology, examining epidemiology, genetic and molecular profiling of cancer, identifying molecular targets, studying cancer stem cells, exploring DNA damage and repair mechanisms, analyzing cell cycle regulation, investigating apoptosis, exploring molecular virology, and evaluating vaccine and antibody-based cancer therapies. Molecular Cancer serves as an important platform for sharing exciting discoveries in cancer-related research. It offers an unparalleled opportunity to communicate information to both specialists and the general public. The online presence of Molecular Cancer enables immediate publication of accepted articles and facilitates the presentation of large datasets and supplementary information. This ensures that new research is efficiently and rapidly disseminated to the scientific community.