{"title":"Recent advancements in nanomedicine as a revolutionary approach to treating multiple myeloma","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122989","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiple myeloma, the second most common hematological malignancy, remains incurable with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 50 % and recurrence rates near 100 %, despite significant attempts to develop effective medicines. Therefore, there is a pressing demand in the medical field for innovative and more efficient treatments for MM. Currently, the standard approach for treating MM involves administering high-dose chemotherapy, which frequently correlates with improved results; however, one major limiting factor is the significant side effects of these medications. Furthermore, the strategies used to deliver medications to tumors limit their efficacy, whether by rapid clearance from circulation or an insufficient concentration in cancer cells. Cancer treatment has shifted from cytotoxic, nonspecific chemotherapy regimens to molecularly targeted, rationally developed drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. Nanomedicines may provide an effective alternative way to avoid these limits by delivering drugs into the complicated bone marrow microenvironment and efficiently reaching myeloma cells. Putting drugs into nanoparticles can make their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles much better. This can increase the drug's effectiveness in tumors, extend its time in circulation in the blood, and lower its off-target toxicity. In this review, we introduce several criteria for the rational design of nanomedicine to achieve the best anti-tumoral therapeutic results. Next, we discuss recent advances in nanomedicine for MM therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":18122,"journal":{"name":"Life sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Life sciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0024320524005794","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Multiple myeloma, the second most common hematological malignancy, remains incurable with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 50 % and recurrence rates near 100 %, despite significant attempts to develop effective medicines. Therefore, there is a pressing demand in the medical field for innovative and more efficient treatments for MM. Currently, the standard approach for treating MM involves administering high-dose chemotherapy, which frequently correlates with improved results; however, one major limiting factor is the significant side effects of these medications. Furthermore, the strategies used to deliver medications to tumors limit their efficacy, whether by rapid clearance from circulation or an insufficient concentration in cancer cells. Cancer treatment has shifted from cytotoxic, nonspecific chemotherapy regimens to molecularly targeted, rationally developed drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. Nanomedicines may provide an effective alternative way to avoid these limits by delivering drugs into the complicated bone marrow microenvironment and efficiently reaching myeloma cells. Putting drugs into nanoparticles can make their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles much better. This can increase the drug's effectiveness in tumors, extend its time in circulation in the blood, and lower its off-target toxicity. In this review, we introduce several criteria for the rational design of nanomedicine to achieve the best anti-tumoral therapeutic results. Next, we discuss recent advances in nanomedicine for MM therapy.
多发性骨髓瘤是第二大最常见的血液恶性肿瘤,尽管在开发有效药物方面做了大量尝试,但它仍然是不治之症,5 年生存率约为 50%,复发率接近 100%。因此,医学界迫切需要创新和更有效的治疗方法。目前,治疗 MM 的标准方法是进行大剂量化疗,这种方法往往能改善疗效;然而,一个主要的限制因素是这些药物的副作用很大。此外,由于药物在血液循环中清除过快或在癌细胞中浓度不足,将药物送入肿瘤的策略也限制了药物的疗效。癌症治疗已从细胞毒性、非特异性化疗方案转向分子靶向、合理开发的药物,这些药物疗效更好、副作用更小。纳米药物可将药物送入复杂的骨髓微环境,并有效地到达骨髓瘤细胞,从而为避免这些限制提供了一种有效的替代方法。将药物放入纳米颗粒中,可以使药物的药代动力学和药效学特征变得更好。这可以提高药物在肿瘤中的有效性,延长药物在血液中的循环时间,并降低药物的脱靶毒性。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了合理设计纳米药物以达到最佳抗肿瘤治疗效果的几个标准。接下来,我们将讨论用于 MM 治疗的纳米药物的最新进展。
期刊介绍:
Life Sciences is an international journal publishing articles that emphasize the molecular, cellular, and functional basis of therapy. The journal emphasizes the understanding of mechanism that is relevant to all aspects of human disease and translation to patients. All articles are rigorously reviewed.
The Journal favors publication of full-length papers where modern scientific technologies are used to explain molecular, cellular and physiological mechanisms. Articles that merely report observations are rarely accepted. Recommendations from the Declaration of Helsinki or NIH guidelines for care and use of laboratory animals must be adhered to. Articles should be written at a level accessible to readers who are non-specialists in the topic of the article themselves, but who are interested in the research. The Journal welcomes reviews on topics of wide interest to investigators in the life sciences. We particularly encourage submission of brief, focused reviews containing high-quality artwork and require the use of mechanistic summary diagrams.