Tertiary lymphoid structures in diseases: immune mechanisms and therapeutic advances

IF 40.8 1区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Lianyu Zhao, Song Jin, Shengyao Wang, Zhe Zhang, Xuan Wang, Zhanwei Chen, Xiaohui Wang, Shengyun Huang, Dongsheng Zhang, Haiwei Wu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are defined as lymphoid aggregates formed in non-hematopoietic organs under pathological conditions. Similar to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), the formation of TLSs relies on the interaction between lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells, involving multiple cytokines. Heterogeneity is a distinguishing feature of TLSs, which may lead to differences in their functions. Growing evidence suggests that TLSs are associated with various diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, chronic inflammation, infection, and even ageing. However, the detailed mechanisms behind these clinical associations are not yet fully understood. The mechanisms by which TLS maturation and localization affect immune function are also unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the understanding of TLS development and function at the cellular and molecular level, which may allow us to utilize them to improve the immune microenvironment. In this review, we delve into the composition, formation mechanism, associations with diseases, and potential therapeutic applications of TLSs. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic implications of TLSs, such as their role as markers of therapeutic response and prognosis. Finally, we summarize various methods for detecting and targeting TLSs. Overall, we provide a comprehensive understanding of TLSs and aim to develop more effective therapeutic strategies.

Abstract Image

疾病中的三级淋巴结构:免疫机制与治疗进展
三级淋巴结构(TLS)是指非造血器官在病理条件下形成的淋巴聚集。与二级淋巴器官(SLOs)类似,三级淋巴结构的形成依赖于淋巴组织诱导细胞(LTi)和淋巴组织组织细胞(LTo)之间的相互作用,其中涉及多种细胞因子。异质性是TLS的一个显著特征,这可能导致其功能的差异。越来越多的证据表明,TLS 与癌症、自身免疫性疾病、移植排斥、慢性炎症、感染甚至衰老等多种疾病有关。然而,这些临床关联背后的详细机制尚未完全明了。TLS的成熟和定位影响免疫功能的机制也不清楚。因此,有必要在细胞和分子水平上加强对 TLS 发育和功能的了解,从而使我们能够利用它们来改善免疫微环境。在这篇综述中,我们将深入探讨 TLS 的组成、形成机制、与疾病的关联以及潜在的治疗应用。此外,我们还讨论了 TLS 的治疗意义,例如它们作为治疗反应和预后标志物的作用。最后,我们总结了检测和靶向 TLS 的各种方法。总之,我们提供了对 TLS 的全面了解,旨在开发更有效的治疗策略。
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来源期刊
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics
CiteScore
44.50
自引率
1.50%
发文量
384
审稿时长
5 weeks
期刊介绍: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy is an open access journal that focuses on timely publication of cutting-edge discoveries and advancements in basic science and clinical research related to signal transduction and targeted therapy. Scope: The journal covers research on major human diseases, including, but not limited to: Cancer,Cardiovascular diseases,Autoimmune diseases,Nervous system diseases.
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